390 lines
14 KiB
Groff
390 lines
14 KiB
Groff
'\" t
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.\" Title: upsmon.conf
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.\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author]
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.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.75.2 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
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.\" Date: 05/21/2012
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.\" Manual: NUT Manual
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.\" Source: Network UPS Tools
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.\" Language: English
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.\"
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.TH "UPSMON\&.CONF" "5" "05/21/2012" "Network UPS Tools" "NUT Manual"
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * Define some portability stuff
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
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.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
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.el .ds Aq '
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * set default formatting
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" disable hyphenation
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.nh
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.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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.ad l
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.SH "NAME"
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upsmon.conf \- Configuration for Network UPS Tools upsmon
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.sp
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This file\(cqs primary job is to define the systems that \fBupsmon\fR(8) will monitor and to tell it how to shut down the system when necessary\&. It will contain passwords, so keep it secure\&. Ideally, only the upsmon process should be able to read it\&.
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.sp
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Additionally, other optional configuration values can be set in this file\&.
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.SH "CONFIGURATION DIRECTIVES"
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.PP
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\fBDEADTIME\fR \fIseconds\fR
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.RS 4
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upsmon allows a UPS to go missing for this many seconds before declaring it "dead"\&. The default is 15 seconds\&.
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.sp
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upsmon requires a UPS to provide status information every few seconds (see POLLFREQ and POLLFREQALERT) to keep things updated\&. If the status fetch fails, the UPS is marked stale\&. If it stays stale for more than DEADTIME seconds, the UPS is marked dead\&.
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.sp
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A dead UPS that was last known to be on battery is assumed to have changed to a low battery condition\&. This may force a shutdown if it is providing a critical amount of power to your system\&. This seems disruptive, but the alternative is barreling ahead into oblivion and crashing when you run out of power\&.
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.sp
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Note: DEADTIME should be a multiple of POLLFREQ and POLLFREQALERT\&. Otherwise, you\(cqll have "dead" UPSes simply because upsmon isn\(cqt polling them quickly enough\&. Rule of thumb: take the larger of the two POLLFREQ values, and multiply by 3\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBFINALDELAY\fR \fIseconds\fR
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.RS 4
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When running in master mode, upsmon waits this long after sending the NOTIFY_SHUTDOWN to warn the users\&. After the timer elapses, it then runs your SHUTDOWNCMD\&. By default this is set to 5 seconds\&.
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.sp
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If you need to let your users do something in between those events, increase this number\&. Remember, at this point your UPS battery is almost depleted, so don\(cqt make this too big\&.
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.sp
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Alternatively, you can set this very low so you don\(cqt wait around when it\(cqs time to shut down\&. Some UPSes don\(cqt give much warning for low battery and will require a value of 0 here for a safe shutdown\&.
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.if n \{\
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.sp
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.\}
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.RS 4
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.it 1 an-trap
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.nr an-no-space-flag 1
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.nr an-break-flag 1
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.br
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.ps +1
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\fBNote\fR
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.ps -1
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.br
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If FINALDELAY on the slave is greater than HOSTSYNC on the master, the master will give up waiting for the slave to disconnect\&.
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.sp .5v
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.RE
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBHOSTSYNC\fR \fIseconds\fR
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.RS 4
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upsmon will wait up to this many seconds in master mode for the slaves to disconnect during a shutdown situation\&. By default, this is 15 seconds\&.
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.sp
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When a UPS goes critical (on battery + low battery, or "FSD": forced shutdown), the slaves are supposed to disconnect and shut down right away\&. The HOSTSYNC timer keeps the master upsmon from sitting there forever if one of the slaves gets stuck\&.
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.sp
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This value is also used to keep slave systems from getting stuck if the master fails to respond in time\&. After a UPS becomes critical, the slave will wait up to HOSTSYNC seconds for the master to set the FSD flag\&. If that timer expires, the slave will assume that the master is broken and will shut down anyway\&.
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.sp
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This keeps the slaves from shutting down during a short\-lived status change to "OB LB" that the slaves see but the master misses\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBMINSUPPLIES\fR \fInum\fR
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.RS 4
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Set the number of power supplies that must be receiving power to keep this system running\&. Normal computers have just one power supply, so the default value of 1 is acceptable\&.
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.sp
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Large/expensive server type systems usually have more, and can run with a few missing\&. The HP NetServer LH4 can run with 2 out of 4, for example, so you\(cqd set it to 2\&. The idea is to keep the box running as long as possible, right?
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.sp
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Obviously you have to put the redundant supplies on different UPS circuits for this to make sense! See big\-servers\&.txt in the docs subdirectory for more information and ideas on how to use this feature\&.
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.sp
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Also see the section on "power values" in
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\fBupsmon\fR(8)\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBMONITOR\fR \fIsystem\fR \fIpowervalue\fR \fIusername\fR \fIpassword\fR \fItype\fR
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.RS 4
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Each UPS that you need to be monitor should have a MONITOR line\&. Not all of these need supply power to the system that is running upsmon\&. You may monitor other systems if you want to be able to send notifications about status changes on them\&.
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.RE
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.sp
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You must have at least one MONITOR directive in upsmon\&.conf\&.
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.sp
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\fIsystem\fR is a UPS identifier\&. It is in this form:
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.sp
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<upsname>[@<hostname>[:<port>]]
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.sp
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The default hostname is "localhost"\&. Some examples:
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.sp
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.RS 4
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.ie n \{\
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\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
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.\}
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.el \{\
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.sp -1
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.IP \(bu 2.3
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.\}
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"su700@mybox" means a UPS called "su700" on a system called "mybox"\&. This is the normal form\&.
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.RE
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.sp
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.RS 4
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.ie n \{\
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\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
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.\}
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.el \{\
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.sp -1
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.IP \(bu 2.3
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.\}
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"fenton@bigbox:5678" is a UPS called "fenton" on a system called "bigbox" which runs
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\fBupsd\fR(8)
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on port "5678"\&.
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.RE
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.sp
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\fIpowervalue\fR is an integer representing the number of power supplies that the UPS feeds on this system\&. Most normal computers have one power supply, and the UPS feeds it, so this value will be 1\&. You need a very large or special system to have anything higher here\&.
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.sp
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You can set the \fIpowervalue\fR to 0 if you want to monitor a UPS that doesn\(cqt actually supply power to this system\&. This is useful when you want to have upsmon do notifications about status changes on a UPS without shutting down when it goes critical\&.
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.sp
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The \fIusername\fR and \fIpassword\fR on this line must match an entry in that system\(cqs \fBupsd.users\fR(5)\&. If your username is "monmaster" and your password is "blah", the MONITOR line might look like this:
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.sp
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MONITOR myups@bigserver 1 monmaster blah master
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.sp
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Meanwhile, the upsd\&.users on bigserver would look like this:
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.sp
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.if n \{\
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.RS 4
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.\}
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.nf
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[monmaster]
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password = blah
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upsmon master # (or slave)
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.fi
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.if n \{\
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.RE
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.\}
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.sp
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The \fItype\fR refers to the relationship with \fBupsd\fR(8)\&. It can be either "master" or "slave"\&. See \fBupsmon\fR(8) for more information on the meaning of these modes\&. The mode you pick here also goes in the upsd\&.users file, as seen in the example above\&.
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.PP
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\fBNOCOMMWARNTIME\fR \fIseconds\fR
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.RS 4
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upsmon will trigger a NOTIFY_NOCOMM after this many seconds if it can\(cqt reach any of the UPS entries in this configuration file\&. It keeps warning you until the situation is fixed\&. By default this is 300 seconds\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBNOTIFYCMD\fR \fIcommand\fR
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.RS 4
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upsmon calls this to send messages when things happen\&.
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.sp
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This command is called with the full text of the message as one argument\&. The environment string NOTIFYTYPE will contain the type string of whatever caused this event to happen\&.
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.sp
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If you need to use
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\fBupssched\fR(8), then you must make it your NOTIFYCMD by listing it here\&.
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.sp
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Note that this is only called for NOTIFY events that have EXEC set with NOTIFYFLAG\&. See NOTIFYFLAG below for more details\&.
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.sp
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Making this some sort of shell script might not be a bad idea\&. For more information and ideas, see pager\&.txt in the docs directory\&.
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.sp
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Remember, this command also needs to be one element in the configuration file, so if your command has spaces, then wrap it in quotes\&.
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.sp
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NOTIFYCMD "/path/to/script \-\-foo \-\-bar"
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.sp
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This script is run in the background\(emthat is, upsmon forks before it calls out to start it\&. This means that your NOTIFYCMD may have multiple instances running simultaneously if a lot of stuff happens all at once\&. Keep this in mind when designing complicated notifiers\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBNOTIFYMSG\fR \fItype\fR \fImessage\fR
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.RS 4
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upsmon comes with a set of stock messages for various events\&. You can change them if you like\&.
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.sp
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.if n \{\
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.RS 4
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.\}
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.nf
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NOTIFYMSG ONLINE "UPS %s is getting line power"
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.fi
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.if n \{\
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.RE
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.\}
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.sp
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.if n \{\
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.RS 4
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.\}
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.nf
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NOTIFYMSG ONBATT "Someone pulled the plug on %s"
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.fi
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.if n \{\
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.RE
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.\}
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.sp
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Note that
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%s
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is replaced with the identifier of the UPS in question\&.
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.sp
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The message must be one element in the configuration file, so if it contains spaces, you must wrap it in quotes\&.
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.sp
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.if n \{\
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.RS 4
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.\}
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.nf
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NOTIFYMSG NOCOMM "Someone stole UPS %s"
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.fi
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.if n \{\
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.RE
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.\}
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.sp
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Possible values for
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\fItype\fR:
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.PP
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ONLINE
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.RS 4
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UPS is back online
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.RE
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.PP
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ONBATT
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.RS 4
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UPS is on battery
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.RE
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.PP
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LOWBATT
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.RS 4
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UPS is on battery and has a low battery (is critical)
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.RE
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.PP
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FSD
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.RS 4
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UPS is being shutdown by the master (FSD = "Forced Shutdown")
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.RE
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.PP
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COMMOK
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.RS 4
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Communications established with the UPS
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.RE
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.PP
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COMMBAD
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.RS 4
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Communications lost to the UPS
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.RE
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.PP
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SHUTDOWN
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.RS 4
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The system is being shutdown
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.RE
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.PP
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REPLBATT
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.RS 4
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The UPS battery is bad and needs to be replaced
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.RE
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.PP
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NOCOMM
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.RS 4
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A UPS is unavailable (can\(cqt be contacted for monitoring)
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.RE
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBNOTIFYFLAG\fR \fItype\fR \fIflag\fR[+\fIflag\fR][+\fIflag\fR]\&...
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.RS 4
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By default, upsmon sends walls global messages to all logged in users) via /bin/wall and writes to the syslog when things happen\&. You can change this\&.
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.sp
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Examples:
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.sp
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.if n \{\
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.RS 4
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.\}
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.nf
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NOTIFYFLAG ONLINE SYSLOG
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NOTIFYFLAG ONBATT SYSLOG+WALL+EXEC
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.fi
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.if n \{\
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.RE
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.\}
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.sp
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Possible values for the flags:
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.PP
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SYSLOG
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.RS 4
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Write the message to the syslog
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.RE
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.PP
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WALL
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.RS 4
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Write the message to all users with /bin/wall
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.RE
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.PP
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EXEC
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.RS 4
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Execute NOTIFYCMD (see above) with the message
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.RE
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.PP
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IGNORE
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.RS 4
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Don\(cqt do anything
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.sp
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If you use IGNORE, don\(cqt use any other flags on the same line\&.
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.RE
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBPOLLFREQ\fR \fIseconds\fR
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.RS 4
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Normally upsmon polls the
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\fBupsd\fR(8)
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server every 5 seconds\&. If this is flooding your network with activity, you can make it higher\&. You can also make it lower to get faster updates in some cases\&.
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.sp
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There are some catches\&. First, if you set the POLLFREQ too high, you may miss short\-lived power events entirely\&. You also risk triggering the DEADTIME (see above) if you use a very large number\&.
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.sp
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Second, there is a point of diminishing returns if you set it too low\&. While upsd normally has all of the data available to it instantly, most drivers only refresh the UPS status once every 2 seconds\&. Polling any more than that usually doesn\(cqt get you the information any faster\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBPOLLFREQALERT\fR \fIseconds\fR
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.RS 4
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This is the interval that upsmon waits between polls if any of its UPSes are on battery\&. You can use this along with POLLFREQ above to slow down polls during normal behavior, but get quicker updates when something bad happens\&.
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.sp
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This should always be equal to or lower than the POLLFREQ value\&. By default it is also set 5 seconds\&.
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.sp
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The warnings from the POLLFREQ entry about too\-high and too\-low values also apply here\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBPOWERDOWNFLAG\fR \fIfilename\fR
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.RS 4
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upsmon creates this file when running in master mode when the UPS needs to be powered off\&. You should check for this file in your shutdown scripts and call
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upsdrvctl shutdown
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if it exists\&.
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.sp
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This is done to forcibly reset the slaves, so they don\(cqt get stuck at the "halted" stage even if the power returns during the shutdown process\&. This usually does not work well on contact\-closure UPSes that use the genericups driver\&.
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.sp
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See the shutdown\&.txt file in the docs subdirectory for more information\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBRBWARNTIME\fR \fIseconds\fR
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.RS 4
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When a UPS says that it needs to have its battery replaced, upsmon will generate a NOTIFY_REPLBATT event\&. By default, this happens every 43200 seconds (12 hours)\&.
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.sp
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If you need another value, set it here\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBRUN_AS_USER\fR \fIusername\fR
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.RS 4
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upsmon normally runs the bulk of the monitoring duties under another user ID after dropping root privileges\&. On most systems this means it runs as "nobody", since that\(cqs the default from compile\-time\&.
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.sp
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The catch is that "nobody" can\(cqt read your upsmon\&.conf, since by default it is installed so that only root can open it\&. This means you won\(cqt be able to reload the configuration file, since it will be unavailable\&.
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.sp
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The solution is to create a new user just for upsmon, then make it run as that user\&. I suggest "nutmon", but you can use anything that isn\(cqt already taken on your system\&. Just create a regular user with no special privileges and an impossible password\&.
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.sp
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Then, tell upsmon to run as that user, and make
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upsmon\&.conf
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readable by it\&. Your reloads will work, and your config file will stay secure\&.
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.sp
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This file should not be writable by the upsmon user, as it would be possible to exploit a hole, change the SHUTDOWNCMD to something malicious, then wait for upsmon to be restarted\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBSHUTDOWNCMD\fR \fIcommand\fR
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.RS 4
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upsmon runs this command when the system needs to be brought down\&. If it is a slave, it will do that immediately whenever the current overall power value drops below the MINSUPPLIES value above\&.
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.sp
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When upsmon is a master, it will allow any slaves to log out before starting the local shutdown procedure\&.
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.sp
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Note that the command needs to be one element in the config file\&. If your shutdown command includes spaces, then put it in quotes to keep it together, i\&.e\&.:
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.sp
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.if n \{\
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.RS 4
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.\}
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.nf
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SHUTDOWNCMD "/sbin/shutdown \-h +0"
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.fi
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.if n \{\
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.RE
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.\}
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.RE
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.sp
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\fBupsmon\fR(8), \fBupsd\fR(8), \fBnutupsdrv\fR(8)\&.
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.SS "Internet resources:"
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.sp
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The NUT (Network UPS Tools) home page: http://www\&.networkupstools\&.org/
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