nut/drivers/tripplite_usb.c

/*!@file tripplite_usb.c 
 * @brief Driver for Tripp Lite non-PDC/HID USB models.
 */
/*
   tripplite_usb.c was derived from tripplite.c by Charles Lepple
   tripplite.c was derived from Russell Kroll's bestups.c by Rik Faith.

   Copyright (C) 1999  Russell Kroll <rkroll@exploits.org>
   Copyright (C) 2001  Rickard E. (Rik) Faith <faith@alephnull.com>
   Copyright (C) 2004  Nicholas J. Kain <nicholas@kain.us>
   Copyright (C) 2005-2008  Charles Lepple <clepple+nut@gmail.com>

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/


/* % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 
 *
 * Protocol 1001
 *
 * OMNIVS Commands: (capital letters are literals, lower-case are variables)
 * :B     -> Bxxxxyy (xxxx/55.0: Hz in, yy/16: battery voltage)
 * :F     -> F1143_A (where _ = \0) Firmware version?
 * :L     -> LvvvvXX (vvvv/2.0: VAC out)
 * :P     -> P01000X (1000VA unit)
 * :S     -> Sbb_XXX (bb = 10: on-line, 11: on battery)
 * :V     -> V102XXX (firmware/protocol version?)
 * :Wt    -> Wt      (watchdog; t = time in seconds (binary, not hex), 
 *                   0 = disable; if UPS is not pinged in this interval, it
 *                   will power off the load, and then power it back on after
 *                   a delay.)
 *
 * % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 
 *
 * The outgoing commands are sent with HID Set_Report commands over EP0
 * (control message), and incoming commands are received on EP1IN (interrupt
 * endpoint). The UPS completely ignores the conventions of Set_Idle (where
 * you NAK the interrupt read if you have no new data), so you constantly have
 * to poll EP1IN.
 *
 * The descriptors say that bInterval is 10 ms. You generally need to wait at
 * least 80-90 ms to get some characters back from the device.  If it takes
 * more than 250 ms, you probably need to resend the command.
 * 
 * All outgoing commands are followed by a checksum, which is 255 - (sum of
 * characters after ':'), and then by '\r'. All responses should start with
 * the command letter that was sent (no colon), and should be followed by
 * '\r'. If the command is not supported (or apparently if there is a serial
 * timeout internally), the previous response will be echoed back.
 *
 * % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 
 *
 * SMARTPRO commands (3003):
 *
 * :A     -> ?          (start self-test)
 * :D     -> D7187      (? - doesn't match tripplite.c)
 * :F     -> F1019 A    firmware rev
 * :H__   -> H          (delay before action?)
 * :I_    -> I          (set flags for conditions that cause a reset?)
 * :J__   -> J          (set 16-bit unit ID)
 * :K#0   ->            (turn outlet off: # in 0..2; 0 is main relay)
 * :K#1   ->            (turn outlet on: # in 0..2)
 * :L     -> L290D_X
 * :M     -> M007F      (min/max voltage seen)
 * :N__   -> N
 * :P     -> P01500X    (max power)
 * :Q     ->            (while online: reboot)
 * :R     -> R<01><FF>  (query flags for conditions that cause a reset?)
 * :S     -> S100_Z0    (status?)
 * :T     -> T7D2581    (temperature, frequency)
 * :U     -> U<FF><FF>  (unit ID, 1-65535)
 * :V     -> V1062XX	(outlets in groups of 2-2-4, with the groups of 2
 * 			 individually switchable.)
 * :W_    -> W_		(watchdog)
 * :Z     -> Z		(reset for max/min; takes a moment to complete)
 * 
 * % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 
 *
 * The SMARTPRO unit seems to be slightly saner with regard to message
 * polling. It specifies an interrupt in interval of 100 ms, but I just
 * started at a 2 second timeout to obtain the above table. 
 *
 * % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 
 *
 * Commands from serial tripplite.c:
 *
 * :N%02X -- delay the UPS for provided time (hex seconds)
 * :H%06X -- reboot the UPS.  UPS will restart after provided time (hex s)
 * :A     -- begins a self-test
 * :C     -- fetches result of a self-test
 * :K1    -- turns on power receptacles
 * :K0    -- turns off power receptacles
 * :G     -- unconfirmed: shuts down UPS until power returns
 * :Q1    -- enable "Remote Reboot"
 * :Q0    -- disable "Remote Reboot"
 * :W     -- returns 'W' data
 * :L     -- returns 'L' data
 * :V     -- returns 'V' data (firmware revision)
 * :X     -- returns 'X' data (firmware revision)
 * :D     -- returns general status data
 * :B     -- returns battery voltage (hexadecimal decivolts)
 * :I     -- returns minimum input voltage (hexadecimal hertz) [sic]
 * :M     -- returns maximum input voltage (hexadecimal hertz) [sic]
 * :P     -- returns power rating
 * :Z     -- unknown
 * :U     -- unknown
 * :O     -- unknown
 * :E     -- unknown
 * :Y     -- returns mains frequency  (':D' is preferred)
 * :T     -- returns ups temperature  (':D' is preferred)
 * :R     -- returns input voltage    (':D' is preferred)
 * :F     -- returns load percentage  (':D' is preferred)
 * :S     -- enables remote reboot/remote power on
 */

/*

POD ("Plain Old Documentation") - run through pod2html or perldoc. See
perlpod(1) for more information.

pod2man --name='TRIPPLITE_USB' --section=8 --release='$Rev: 2598 $' --center='Network UPS Tools (NUT)' tripplite_usb.c

=head1 NAME

tripplite_usb - Driver for older Tripp Lite USB UPSes (not PDC HID)

=head1 NOTE

This man page only documents the hardware-specific features of the
tripplite_usb driver.  For information about the core driver, see
nutupsdrv(8).

=head1 SUPPORTED HARDWARE

This driver should work with older Tripp Lite UPSes which are detected as USB
HID-class devices, but are not true HID Power-Device Class devices.  So far,
the devices supported by tripplite_usb have product ID 0001, and the newer
units (such as those with "LCD" in the model name) with product ID 2001 require
the usbhid-ups driver instead.  Please report success or failure to
the nut-upsuser mailing list.  A key piece of information is the protocol
number, returned in ups.debug.0.  Also, be sure to turn on debugging (C<-DDD>)
for more informative log messages.  If your Tripp Lite UPS uses a serial port,
you may wish to investigate the tripplite(8) or tripplite_su(8) driver.

This driver has been tested with the following models:

=over

=item * INTERNETOFFICE700

=item * OMNISV1000

=item * OMNISV1500XL (some warnings)

=item * SMART700USB

=item * SMART1500RM2U

=item * SMART2200RMXL2U

=item * SMART3000RM2U

=back

If you have used Tripp Lite's PowerAlert software to connect to your UPS, there
is a good chance that tripplite_usb(8) will work if it uses one of the
following protocols:

=over 

=item * Protocol 0004

=item * Protocol 1001

=item * Protocol 2001

=item * Protocol 3003

=back

=head1 EXTRA ARGUMENTS

This driver supports the following optional setting in the ups.conf(5) file
(or with C<-x> on the command line):

=over

=item offdelay

This setting controls the delay between receiving the "kill" command (C<-k>)
and actually cutting power to the computer.

=item bus

This regular expression is used to match the USB bus (as seen in
C</proc/bus/usb/devices> or lsusb(8); including leading zeroes).

=item product

A regular expression to match the product string for the UPS.  This would be
useful if you have two different Tripp Lite UPS models connected to the
system, and you want to be sure that you shut them down in the correct order.

Note that this regex is matched against the full USB product string as seen in
lsusb(8). The C<ups.model> in the C<upsc> output only lists the name after
"TRIPP LITE", so to match a SMART2200RMXL2U, you could use the regex
".*SMART2200.*".

=item productid

The productid is a regular expression which matches the UPS PID as four
hexadecimal digits.  So far, the only devices that work with this driver have
PID C<0001>.

=item serial

It does not appear that these particular Tripp Lite UPSes use the iSerial
descriptor field to return a serial number.  However, in case your unit does,
you may specify it here.

=back

For more information on regular expressions, see regex(7)

=head1 RUNTIME VARIABLES

=over

=item ups.delay.shutdown

This variable is the same as the C<offdelay> setting, but it can be changed at
runtime by upsrw(8).

=item ups.id

Some SMARTPRO models feature an ID that can be set and retrieved. If your UPS
supports this feature, this variable will be listed in the output of upsrw(8).

=item outlet.1.switch

Some Tripp Lite units have a switchable outlet (usually outlet #1) which can be
turned on and off by writing C<1> or C<0>, respectively, to C<outlet.1.switch>.
If your unit has multiple switchable outlets, substitute the outlet number for
"1" in the variable name. Be sure to test this first - there is no other way to
be certain that the number used by the driver matches the label on the unit.

=back

=head1 KNOWN ISSUES AND BUGS

The driver was not developed with any official documentation from Tripp Lite,
so certain events may confuse the driver. If you observe any strange behavior,
please re-run the driver with C<-DDD> to increase the verbosity.

So far, the Tripp Lite UPSes do not seem to have any serial number or other
unique identifier accessible through USB. Thus, when monitoring several Tripp
Lite USB UPSes, you should use either the C<bus> or C<product> configuration
options to uniquely specify which UPS a given driver instance should control.

For instance, you can easily monitor an OMNIVS1000 and a SMART1500RM2U at the
same time, since they have different USB Product ID strings. If you have two
SMART1500RM2U units, you would have to find which USB bus number each unit is
on (via C<lsusb>), which may result in ambiguities if the available USB ports
are on the same bus.

Some of the SMART*2U models have an ID number, but because this ID is not
exposed as a USB string descriptor, there is no easy way to use this ID to
distinguish between multiple UPS units on a single machine.

=head1 AUTHORS

Charles Lepple E<lt>clepple+nut@gmail.com<gt>, based on the tripplite driver by
Rickard E. (Rik) Faith E<lt>faith@alephnull.comE<gt> and Nicholas Kain
E<lt>nicholas@kain.usE<gt>. Please do not email the authors directly - use the
nut-upsdev mailing list.

A Tripp Lite OMNIVS1000 was graciously donated to the NUT project by:

=over

Relevant Evidence, LLC.

http://www.relevantevidence.com

Email: info@relevantevidence.com

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

=head2 The core driver:

nutupsdrv(8), regex(7), usbhid-ups(8)

=head2 Internet resources:

The NUT (Network UPS Tools) home page: http://www.networkupstools.org/

=cut

*/

#include "main.h"
#include "libusb.h"
#include <math.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <usb.h>
#include "usb-common.h"

#define DRIVER_NAME		"Tripp Lite OMNIVS / SMARTPRO driver"
#define DRIVER_VERSION	"0.20"

/* driver description structure */
upsdrv_info_t	upsdrv_info = {
	DRIVER_NAME,
	DRIVER_VERSION,
	"Charles Lepple <clepple+nut@gmail.com>\n" \
	"Russell Kroll <rkroll@exploits.org>\n" \
	"Rickard E. (Rik) Faith <faith@alephnull.com>\n" \
	"Nicholas J. Kain <nicholas@kain.us>",
	DRV_EXPERIMENTAL,
	{ NULL }
};

/* TrippLite */
#define TRIPPLITE_VENDORID 0x09ae 

/* USB IDs device table */
static usb_device_id_t tripplite_usb_device_table[] = {
	/* e.g. OMNIVS1000, SMART550USB, ... */
	{ USB_DEVICE(TRIPPLITE_VENDORID, 0x0001), NULL },
	
	/* Terminating entry */
	{ -1, -1, NULL }
};

static int subdriver_match_func(USBDevice_t *hd, void *privdata)
{
	switch (is_usb_device_supported(tripplite_usb_device_table, hd->VendorID, hd->ProductID))
	{
	case SUPPORTED:
		return 1;

	case POSSIBLY_SUPPORTED:
		/* by default, reject, unless the productid option is given */
		if (getval("productid")) {
			return 1;
		}
	case NOT_SUPPORTED:
	default:
		return 0;
	}
}

static USBDeviceMatcher_t subdriver_matcher = {
	&subdriver_match_func,
	NULL,
	NULL
};

static enum tl_model_t {
	TRIPP_LITE_UNKNOWN = 0,
	TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS,
	TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS_2001,
	TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO,
	TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004
} tl_model = TRIPP_LITE_UNKNOWN;

/*!@brief If a character is not printable, return a dot. */
#define toprint(x) (isalnum((unsigned)x) ? (x) : '.')

#define ENDCHAR 13

#define MAX_SEND_TRIES 10
#define SEND_WAIT_SEC 0
#define SEND_WAIT_NSEC (1000*1000*100)

#define MAX_RECV_TRIES 10
#define RECV_WAIT_MSEC 1000	/*! was 100 for OMNIVS; SMARTPRO units need longer */

#define MAX_RECONNECT_TRIES 10

#define DEFAULT_OFFDELAY   64  /*!< seconds (max 0xFF) */
#define DEFAULT_STARTDELAY 60  /*!< seconds (max 0xFFFFFF) */
#define DEFAULT_BOOTDELAY  64  /*!< seconds (max 0xFF) */
#define MAX_VOLT 13.4          /*!< Max battery voltage (100%) */
#define MIN_VOLT 11.0          /*!< Min battery voltage (10%) */

static USBDevice_t *hd = NULL;
static USBDevice_t curDevice;
static USBDeviceMatcher_t *reopen_matcher = NULL;
static USBDeviceMatcher_t *regex_matcher = NULL;
static usb_dev_handle *udev;
static usb_communication_subdriver_t	*comm_driver = &usb_subdriver;

/* We calculate battery charge (q) as a function of voltage (V).
 * It seems that this function probably varies by firmware revision or
 * UPS model - the Windows monitoring software gives different q for a
 * given V than the old open source Tripp Lite monitoring software.
 *
 * The discharge curve should be the same for any given battery chemistry,
 * so it should only be necessary to specify the minimum and maximum
 * voltages likely to be seen in operation.
 */

/* Interval notation for Q% = 10% <= [minV, maxV] <= 100%  */
static double V_interval[2] = {MIN_VOLT, MAX_VOLT};

static int battery_voltage_nominal = 12,
	   input_voltage_nominal = 120,
	   input_voltage_scaled = 120,
	/* input_voltage_maximum = -1,
	   input_voltage_minimum = -1, */
	   switchable_load_banks = 0,
           unit_id = -1; /*!< range: 1-65535, most likely */

/*! Time in seconds to delay before shutting down. */
static unsigned int offdelay = DEFAULT_OFFDELAY;
/* static unsigned int bootdelay = DEFAULT_BOOTDELAY; */

/*!@brief Try to reconnect once.
 * @return 1 if reconnection was successful.
 */
static int reconnect_ups(void)
{
	int ret;

	if (hd != NULL) {
		return 1;
	}

	upsdebugx(2, "==================================================");
	upsdebugx(2, "= device has been disconnected, try to reconnect =");
	upsdebugx(2, "==================================================");

	ret = comm_driver->open(&udev, &curDevice, reopen_matcher, NULL);
	if (ret < 1) {
		upslogx(LOG_INFO, "Reconnecting to UPS failed; will retry later...");
		dstate_datastale();
		return 0;
	}

	hd = &curDevice;

	return ret;
}


/*!@brief Convert a string to printable characters (in-place)
 *
 * @param[in,out] str	String to convert
 * @param[in] len	Maximum number of characters to convert, or <= 0 to
 * convert all.
 *
 * Uses toprint() macro defined above.
 */
void toprint_str(char *str, int len)
{
	int i;
	if(len <= 0) len = strlen(str);
	for(i=0; i < len; i++)
		str[i] = toprint(str[i]);
}

/*!@brief Convert N characters from hex to decimal
 *
 * @param start		Beginning of string to convert
 * @param len		Maximum number of characters to consider (max 32)
 *
 * @a len characters of @a start are copied to a temporary buffer, then passed
 * to strtol() to be converted to decimal.
 *
 * @return See strtol(3)
 */
static int hex2d(const unsigned char *start, unsigned int len)
{
	unsigned char buf[32];
	buf[31] = '\0';

	strncpy((char *)buf, (const char *)start, (len < (sizeof buf) ? len : (sizeof buf - 1)));
	if(len < sizeof(buf)) buf[len] = '\0';
	return strtol((char *)buf, NULL, 16);
}

/*!@brief Dump message in both hex and ASCII
 *
 * @param[in] msg	Buffer to dump
 * @param[in] len	Number of bytes to dump
 *
 * @return		Pointer to static buffer with decoded message
 */
static const char *hexascdump(unsigned char *msg, size_t len)
{
	size_t i;
	static unsigned char buf[256], *bufp;

	bufp = buf;
	buf[0] = 0;

	/* Dump each byte in hex: */
	for(i=0; i<len; i++) {
		bufp += sprintf((char *)bufp, "%02x ", msg[i]);
	}

	/* Dump single-quoted string with printable version of each byte: */
	*bufp++ = '\'';
	for(i=0; i<len; i++) {
		*bufp++ = toprint(msg[i]);
	}
	*bufp++ = '\'';

	*bufp++ = '\0';

	return (char *)buf;
}

enum tl_model_t decode_protocol(unsigned int proto)
{
	switch(proto) {
		case 0x0004:
			upslogx(3, "Using older SMART protocol (%x)", proto);
			return TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004;
		case 0x1001:
			upslogx(3, "Using OMNIVS protocol (%x)", proto);
			return TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS;
		case 0x2001:
			upslogx(3, "Using OMNIVS 2001 protocol (%x)", proto);
			return TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS_2001;
		case 0x3003:
			upslogx(3, "Using SMARTPRO protocol (%x)", proto);
			return TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO;
		default:
			printf("Unknown protocol (%x)", proto);
			break;
	}

	return TRIPP_LITE_UNKNOWN;
}

void decode_v(const unsigned char *value)
{
	unsigned char ivn, lb;
	int bv = hex2d(value+2, 2);

 	ivn = value[1];
	lb = value[4];

	switch(ivn) {
		case '0': input_voltage_nominal = 
			  input_voltage_scaled  = 100;
			  break;

		case '1': input_voltage_nominal = 
			  input_voltage_scaled  = 120;
			  break;

		case '2': input_voltage_nominal = 
			  input_voltage_scaled  = 230;
			  break;

		case '3': input_voltage_nominal = 208;
			  input_voltage_scaled  = 230;
			  break;

		default:
			  upslogx(2, "Unknown input voltage range: 0x%02x", (unsigned int)ivn);
			  break;
	}

	battery_voltage_nominal = bv * 6;
		
	if( (lb >= '0') && (lb <= '9') ) {
		switchable_load_banks = lb - '0';
	} else {
		if( lb != 'X' ) {
			upslogx(2, "Unknown number of switchable load banks: 0x%02x",
					(unsigned int)lb);
		}
	}
}

void upsdrv_initinfo(void);

/*!@brief Report a USB comm failure, and reconnect if necessary
 * 
 * @param[in] res	Result code from libusb/libhid call
 * @param[in] msg	Error message to display
 */
void usb_comm_fail(int res, const char *msg)
{
	static int try = 0;

	switch(res) {
		case -EBUSY:
			upslogx(LOG_WARNING, "%s: Device claimed by another process", msg);
			fatalx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Terminating: EBUSY");
			break;

		default:
			upslogx(LOG_WARNING, "%s: Device detached? (error %d: %s)", msg, res, usb_strerror());

			upslogx(LOG_NOTICE, "Reconnect attempt #%d", ++try);
			hd = NULL;
			reconnect_ups();

			if(hd) {
				upslogx(LOG_NOTICE, "Successfully reconnected");
				try = 0;
				upsdrv_initinfo();
			} else {
				if(try > MAX_RECONNECT_TRIES) {
					fatalx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Too many unsuccessful reconnection attempts");
				}
			}
			break;
	}
}

/*!@brief Send a command to the UPS, and wait for a reply.
 *
 * All of the UPS commands are challenge-response. If a command does not have
 * anything to return, it simply returns the command character.
 *
 * @param[in] msg	Command string, minus the ':' or CR
 * @param[in] msg_len	Be sure to use sizeof(msg) instead of strlen(msg),
 * since some commands have embedded NUL characters
 * @param[out] reply	Reply (but check return code for validity)
 * @param[out] reply_len (currently unused)
 *
 * @return number of chars in reply, excluding terminating NUL
 * @return 0 if command was not accepted
 */
static int send_cmd(const unsigned char *msg, size_t msg_len, unsigned char *reply, size_t reply_len)
{
	unsigned char buffer_out[8];
	unsigned char csum = 0;
	int ret = 0, send_try, recv_try=0, done = 0;
	size_t i = 0;

	upsdebugx(3, "send_cmd(msg_len=%u, type='%c')", (unsigned)msg_len, msg[0]);

	if(msg_len > 5) {
		fatalx(EXIT_FAILURE, "send_cmd(): Trying to pass too many characters to UPS (%u)", (unsigned)msg_len);
	}

	buffer_out[0] = ':';
	for(i=1; i<8; i++) buffer_out[i] = '\0';

	for(i=0; i<msg_len; i++) {
		buffer_out[i+1] = msg[i];
		csum += msg[i];
	}

	buffer_out[i] = 255-csum;
	buffer_out[i+1] = ENDCHAR;

	upsdebugx(5, "send_cmd: sending  %s", hexascdump(buffer_out, sizeof(buffer_out)));

	for(send_try=0; !done && send_try < MAX_SEND_TRIES; send_try++) {
		upsdebugx(6, "send_cmd send_try %d", send_try+1);

		ret = comm_driver->set_report(udev, 0, buffer_out, sizeof(buffer_out));

		if(ret != sizeof(buffer_out)) {
			upslogx(1, "libusb_set_report() returned %d instead of %u",
				ret, (unsigned)(sizeof(buffer_out)));
			return ret;
		}

#if ! defined(__FreeBSD__)
		if(!done) { usleep(1000*100); /* TODO: nanosleep */ }
#endif

		for(recv_try=0; !done && recv_try < MAX_RECV_TRIES; recv_try++) {
			upsdebugx(7, "send_cmd recv_try %d", recv_try+1);
			ret = comm_driver->get_interrupt(udev, reply, sizeof(buffer_out), RECV_WAIT_MSEC);
			if(ret != sizeof(buffer_out)) {
				upslogx(1, "libusb_get_interrupt() returned %d instead of %u while sending %s",
					ret, (unsigned)(sizeof(buffer_out)),
					hexascdump(buffer_out, sizeof(buffer_out)));
			}
			done = (ret == sizeof(buffer_out)) && (buffer_out[1] == reply[0]);
		}
	}

	if(ret == sizeof(buffer_out)) {
		upsdebugx(5, "send_cmd: received %s (%s)", hexascdump(reply, sizeof(buffer_out)),
				done ? "OK" : "bad");
	}
	
	upsdebugx(((send_try > 2) || (recv_try > 2)) ? 3 : 6, 
			"send_cmd: send_try = %d, recv_try = %d\n", send_try, recv_try);

	return done ? sizeof(buffer_out) : 0;
}

/*!@brief Send an unknown command to the UPS, and store response in a variable
 *
 * @param msg Command string (usually a character and a null)
 * @param len Length of command plus null
 *
 * The variables are of the form "ups.debug.X" where "X" is the command
 * character.
 */
void debug_message(const char *msg, int len)
{
	int ret;
	unsigned char tmp_value[9];
	char var_name[20], err_msg[80];

	snprintf(var_name, sizeof(var_name), "ups.debug.%c", *msg);

	ret = send_cmd((const unsigned char *)msg, len, tmp_value, sizeof(tmp_value));
	if(ret <= 0) {
		sprintf(err_msg, "Error reading '%c' value", *msg);
		usb_comm_fail(ret, err_msg);
		return;
	}
	dstate_setinfo(var_name, "%s", hexascdump(tmp_value+1, 7));
}

#if 0
/* using the watchdog to reboot won't work while polling */
static void do_reboot_wait(unsigned dly)
{
	int ret;
	char buf[256], cmd_W[]="Wx"; 

	cmd_W[1] = dly;
	upsdebugx(3, "do_reboot_wait(wait=%d): N", dly);

	ret = send_cmd(cmd_W, sizeof(cmd_W), buf, sizeof(buf));
}

static int do_reboot_now(void)
{
	do_reboot_wait(1);
	return 0;
}

static void do_reboot(void)
{
	do_reboot_wait(bootdelay);
}
#endif

/*! Called by 'tripplite_usb -k' */
static int soft_shutdown(void)
{
	int ret;
	unsigned char buf[256], cmd_N[]="N\0x", cmd_G[] = "G";

	cmd_N[2] = offdelay;
	cmd_N[1] = offdelay >> 8;
	upsdebugx(3, "soft_shutdown(offdelay=%d): N", offdelay);

	ret = send_cmd(cmd_N, sizeof(cmd_N), buf, sizeof(buf));

	if(ret != 8) {
		upslogx(LOG_ERR, "Could not set offdelay to %d", offdelay);
		return ret;
	}

	sleep(2);
	
	/*! The unit must be on battery for this to work. 
	 *
	 * @todo check for on-battery condition, and print error if not.
	 * @todo Find an equivalent command for non-OMNIVS models.
	 */
	ret = send_cmd(cmd_G, sizeof(cmd_G), buf, sizeof(buf));

	if(ret != 8) {
		upslogx(LOG_ERR, "Could not turn off UPS (is it still on battery?)");
		return 0;
	}

	return 1;
}

#if 0
static int hard_shutdown(void)
{
	int ret;
	char buf[256], cmd_N[]="N\0x", cmd_K[] = "K\0";

	cmd_N[2] = offdelay;
	cmd_N[1] = offdelay >> 8;
	upsdebugx(3, "hard_shutdown(offdelay=%d): N", offdelay);

	ret = send_cmd(cmd_N, sizeof(cmd_N), buf, sizeof(buf));
	if(ret != 8) return ret;

	sleep(2);
	
	ret = send_cmd(cmd_K, sizeof(cmd_K), buf, sizeof(buf));
	return (ret == 8);
}
#endif

/*!@brief Turn an outlet on or off.
 *
 * @return 1 if the command worked, 0 if not.
 */
static int control_outlet(int outlet_id, int state)
{
	char k_cmd[10], buf[10];
	int ret;

	switch(tl_model) {
		case TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO:   /* tested */
		case TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004: /* untested */
			snprintf(k_cmd, sizeof(k_cmd)-1, "N%02X", 5);
			ret = send_cmd((unsigned char *)k_cmd, strlen(k_cmd) + 1, (unsigned char *)buf, sizeof buf);
			snprintf(k_cmd, sizeof(k_cmd)-1, "K%d%d", outlet_id, state & 1);
			ret = send_cmd((unsigned char *)k_cmd, strlen(k_cmd) + 1, (unsigned char *)buf, sizeof buf);

			if(ret != 8) {
				upslogx(LOG_ERR, "Could not set outlet %d to state %d, ret = %d", outlet_id, state, ret);
				return 0;
			} else {
				return 1;
			}
		default:
			upslogx(LOG_ERR, "control_outlet unimplemented for this UPS model");
	}
	return 0;
}

/*!@brief Handler for "instant commands"
 */
static int instcmd(const char *cmdname, const char *extra)
{
	unsigned char buf[10];

	if(tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO || tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004) {
		if (!strcasecmp(cmdname, "test.battery.start")) {
			send_cmd((const unsigned char *)"A", 2, buf, sizeof buf);
			return STAT_INSTCMD_HANDLED;
		}

		if(!strcasecmp(cmdname, "reset.input.minmax")) {
			return (send_cmd((const unsigned char *)"Z", 2, buf, sizeof buf) == 2) ? STAT_INSTCMD_HANDLED : STAT_INSTCMD_UNKNOWN;
		}
	}

	if (!strcasecmp(cmdname, "load.off")) {
		return control_outlet(0, 0) ? STAT_INSTCMD_HANDLED : STAT_INSTCMD_UNKNOWN;
	}
	if (!strcasecmp(cmdname, "load.on")) {
		return control_outlet(0, 1) ? STAT_INSTCMD_HANDLED : STAT_INSTCMD_UNKNOWN;
	}
	/* code for individual outlets is in setvar() */
#if 0
	if (!strcasecmp(cmdname, "shutdown.reboot")) {
		do_reboot_now();
		return STAT_INSTCMD_HANDLED;
	}
	if (!strcasecmp(cmdname, "shutdown.reboot.graceful")) {
		do_reboot();
		return STAT_INSTCMD_HANDLED;
	}
	if (!strcasecmp(cmdname, "shutdown.stayoff")) {
		hard_shutdown();
		return STAT_INSTCMD_HANDLED;
	}
#endif
	if (!strcasecmp(cmdname, "shutdown.return")) {
		soft_shutdown();
		return STAT_INSTCMD_HANDLED;
	}

	upslogx(LOG_NOTICE, "instcmd: unknown command [%s]", cmdname);
	return STAT_INSTCMD_UNKNOWN;
}

static int setvar(const char *varname, const char *val)
{
	if (!strcasecmp(varname, "ups.delay.shutdown")) {
		offdelay = atoi(val);
		dstate_setinfo("ups.delay.shutdown", "%d", offdelay);
		return STAT_SET_HANDLED;
	}

	if (unit_id >= 0 && !strcasecmp(varname, "ups.id")) {
                int new_unit_id, ret;
		unsigned char J_msg[] = "J__", buf[9];

		new_unit_id = atoi(val);
		J_msg[1] = new_unit_id >> 8;
		J_msg[2] = new_unit_id & 0xff;
                ret = send_cmd(J_msg, sizeof(J_msg), buf, sizeof(buf));

		if(ret <= 0) {
			upslogx(LOG_NOTICE, "Could not set Unit ID (return code: %d).", ret);
			return STAT_SET_UNKNOWN;
		}

		dstate_setinfo("ups.id", "%s", val);
		return STAT_SET_HANDLED;
	}

	if(!strncmp(varname, "outlet.", strlen("outlet."))) {
		char outlet_name[80];
		char index_str[10], *first_dot, *next_dot;
		int index_chars, index, state, ret;

		first_dot = strstr(varname, ".");
		next_dot = strstr(first_dot + 1, ".");
		index_chars = next_dot - (first_dot + 1);

		if(index_chars > 9) return STAT_SET_UNKNOWN;
		if(strcmp(next_dot, ".switch")) return STAT_SET_UNKNOWN;

		strncpy(index_str, first_dot + 1, index_chars);
		index_str[index_chars] = 0;

		index = atoi(index_str);
		upslogx(LOG_DEBUG, "outlet.%d.switch = %s", index, val);

		if(!strcasecmp(val, "on") || !strcmp(val, "1")) {
			state = 1;
		} else {
			state = 0;
		}

		upslogx(LOG_DEBUG, "outlet.%d.switch = %s -> %d", index, val, state);

		snprintf(outlet_name, sizeof(outlet_name)-1, "outlet.%d.switch", index);

		ret = control_outlet(index, state);
		if(ret) {
			dstate_setinfo(outlet_name, "%d", state);
			return STAT_SET_HANDLED;
		} else {
			return STAT_SET_UNKNOWN;
		}
	}

#if 0
	if (!strcasecmp(varname, "ups.delay.start")) {
		startdelay = atoi(val);
		dstate_setinfo("ups.delay.start", val);
		return STAT_SET_HANDLED;
	}
	if (!strcasecmp(varname, "ups.delay.reboot")) {
		bootdelay = atoi(val);
		dstate_setinfo("ups.delay.reboot", val);
		return STAT_SET_HANDLED;
	}
#endif
	return STAT_SET_UNKNOWN;
}

void upsdrv_initinfo(void)
{
	const unsigned char proto_msg[] = "\0", f_msg[] = "F", p_msg[] = "P",
		s_msg[] = "S", u_msg[] = "U", v_msg[] = "V", w_msg[] = "W\0";
	char *model, *model_end;
	unsigned char proto_value[9], f_value[9], p_value[9], s_value[9],
	     u_value[9], v_value[9], w_value[9];
	int  va, ret;
	unsigned int proto_number = 0;

	/* Read protocol: */
	ret = send_cmd(proto_msg, sizeof(proto_msg), proto_value, sizeof(proto_value)-1);
	if(ret <= 0) {
		fatalx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Error reading protocol");
	}

	proto_number = ((unsigned)(proto_value[1]) << 8) 
			          | (unsigned)(proto_value[2]);
	tl_model = decode_protocol(proto_number);

	if(tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_UNKNOWN)
		dstate_setinfo("ups.debug.0", "%s", hexascdump(proto_value+1, 7));

	dstate_setinfo("ups.firmware.aux", "protocol %04x", proto_number);

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	/* Reset watchdog: */
	/* Watchdog not supported on TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO models */
	if(tl_model != TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO ) {
		ret = send_cmd(w_msg, sizeof(w_msg), w_value, sizeof(w_value)-1);
		if(ret <= 0) {
			if(ret == -EPIPE) {
				fatalx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not reset watchdog. Please check and"
						"see if usbhid-ups(8) works with this UPS.");
			} else {
				upslogx(3, "Could not reset watchdog. Please send model "
						"information to nut-upsdev mailing list");
			}
		}
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	ret = send_cmd(s_msg, sizeof(s_msg), s_value, sizeof(s_value)-1);
	if(ret <= 0) {
		fatalx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not retrieve status ... is this an OMNIVS model?");
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	dstate_setinfo("ups.mfr", "%s", "Tripp Lite");

	/* Get nominal power: */
	ret = send_cmd(p_msg, sizeof(p_msg), p_value, sizeof(p_value)-1);
	va = strtol((char *)(p_value+1), NULL, 10);

	if(tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004) {
		dstate_setinfo("ups.debug.P","%s", hexascdump(p_value+1, 7));
		va *= 10; /* TODO: confirm? */
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	/* trim "TRIPP LITE" from beginning of model */
	model = strdup(hd->Product);
	if(strstr(model, hd->Vendor) == model) {
		model += strlen(hd->Vendor);
	}

	/* trim leading spaces: */
	for(; *model == ' '; model++);

	/* Trim trailing spaces */
	for(model_end = model + strlen(model) - 1;
			model_end > model && *model_end == ' ';
			model_end--) {
		*model_end = '\0';
	}

	dstate_setinfo("ups.model", "%s", model);

	dstate_setinfo("ups.power.nominal", "%d", va);

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

        /* Fetch firmware version: */
	ret = send_cmd(f_msg, sizeof(f_msg), f_value, sizeof(f_value)-1);

	toprint_str((char *)(f_value+1), 6);
	f_value[7] = 0;

	dstate_setinfo("ups.firmware", "F%s", f_value+1);

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	/* Get configuration: */

	ret = send_cmd(v_msg, sizeof(v_msg), v_value, sizeof(v_value)-1);

	decode_v(v_value);

	/* FIXME: redundant, but since it's static, we don't need to poll
	 * every time.
	 */
	debug_message("V", 2);

	if(switchable_load_banks > 0) {
		int i;
		char outlet_name[80];

		for(i = 1; i <= switchable_load_banks + 1; i++) {
			snprintf(outlet_name, sizeof(outlet_name), "outlet.%d.id", i);
			dstate_setinfo(outlet_name, "%d", i);

			snprintf(outlet_name, sizeof(outlet_name), "outlet.%d.desc", i);
			dstate_setinfo(outlet_name, "Load %d", i);

			snprintf(outlet_name, sizeof(outlet_name), "outlet.%d.switchable", i);
			if( i <= switchable_load_banks ) {
				dstate_setinfo(outlet_name, "1");
				snprintf(outlet_name, sizeof(outlet_name)-1, "outlet.%d.switch", i);
				dstate_setinfo(outlet_name, "1");
				dstate_setflags(outlet_name, ST_FLAG_RW | ST_FLAG_STRING);
				dstate_setaux(outlet_name, 3);
			} else {
				/* Last bank is not switchable: */
				dstate_setinfo(outlet_name, "0");
			}

		}

		/* For the main relay: */
		dstate_addcmd("load.on");
		dstate_addcmd("load.off");
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	if(tl_model != TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS && tl_model != TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004) {
		/* Unit ID might not be supported by all models: */
		ret = send_cmd(u_msg, sizeof(u_msg), u_value, sizeof(u_value)-1);
		if(ret <= 0) {
			upslogx(LOG_INFO, "Unit ID not retrieved (not available on all models)");
		} else {
			unit_id = (int)((unsigned)(u_value[1]) << 8) 
				| (unsigned)(u_value[2]);
		}

		if(tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004) {
			debug_message("U", 2);
		}
	}

	if(unit_id >= 0) {
		dstate_setinfo("ups.id", "%d", unit_id);
		dstate_setflags("ups.id", ST_FLAG_RW | ST_FLAG_STRING);
		dstate_setaux("ups.id", 5);
		upslogx(LOG_DEBUG,"Unit ID: %d", unit_id);
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	dstate_setinfo("input.voltage.nominal", "%d", input_voltage_nominal);
	dstate_setinfo("battery.voltage.nominal", "%d", battery_voltage_nominal);
	dstate_setinfo("ups.debug.load_banks", "%d", switchable_load_banks);

	dstate_setinfo("ups.delay.shutdown", "%d", offdelay);
	dstate_setflags("ups.delay.shutdown", ST_FLAG_RW | ST_FLAG_STRING);
	dstate_setaux("ups.delay.shutdown", 3);

#if 0
	dstate_setinfo("ups.delay.start", "%d", startdelay);
	dstate_setflags("ups.delay.start", ST_FLAG_RW | ST_FLAG_STRING);
	dstate_setaux("ups.delay.start", 8);

	dstate_setinfo("ups.delay.reboot", "%d", bootdelay);
	dstate_setflags("ups.delay.reboot", ST_FLAG_RW | ST_FLAG_STRING);
	dstate_setaux("ups.delay.reboot", 3);
#endif

	if(tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO || tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004) {
		dstate_addcmd("test.battery.start");
		dstate_addcmd("reset.input.minmax");
	}

	dstate_addcmd("shutdown.return");

#if 0
	dstate_addcmd("shutdown.stayoff");

	dstate_addcmd("test.battery.start"); /* Turns off automatically */

	dstate_addcmd("load.off");
	dstate_addcmd("load.on");

	dstate_addcmd("shutdown.reboot");
	dstate_addcmd("shutdown.reboot.graceful");
#endif

	upsh.instcmd = instcmd;
	upsh.setvar = setvar;

	printf("Attached to %s %s\n",
			dstate_getinfo("ups.mfr"), dstate_getinfo("ups.model"));
}

void upsdrv_shutdown(void)
{
	soft_shutdown();
}

void upsdrv_updateinfo(void)
{
	unsigned char b_msg[] = "B", d_msg[] = "D", l_msg[] = "L",
			s_msg[] = "S", m_msg[] = "M", t_msg[] = "T";
	unsigned char b_value[9], d_value[9], l_value[9], s_value[9],
			m_value[9], t_value[9];
	int bp, freq;
	double bv;

	int ret;
	unsigned battery_charge;

	status_init();

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	/* General status (e.g. "S10") */
	ret = send_cmd(s_msg, sizeof(s_msg), s_value, sizeof(s_value));
	if(ret <= 0) {
		dstate_datastale();
		usb_comm_fail(ret, "Error reading S value");
		return;
	}

	if(tl_model != TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS && tl_model != TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS_2001) {
		dstate_setinfo("ups.debug.S","%s", hexascdump(s_value+1, 7));
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	if(tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS) {
		switch(s_value[2]) {
			case '0':
				status_set("OL");
				break;
			case '1':
				status_set("OB");
				break;
			case '2':
				/* "charge-only" mode, no AC in or out... the PC
				 * shouldn't see this, because there is no power in
				 * that case (OMNIVS), but it's here for testing.
				 *
				 * Entered by holding down the power button.
				 */
				status_set("BYPASS");
				break;
			case '3':
				/* I have seen this once when switching from off+LB to charging */
				upslogx(LOG_WARNING, "Unknown value for s[2]: 0x%02x", s_value[2]);
				break;
			default:
				upslogx(LOG_ERR, "Unknown value for s[2]: 0x%02x", s_value[2]);
				dstate_datastale();
				break;
		}
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	if(tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO || tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS_2001 || tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004) {
		switch(s_value[2]) {
			case '0':
				dstate_setinfo("battery.test.status", "Battery OK");
				break;
			case '1':
				dstate_setinfo("battery.test.status", "Battery bad - replace");
				break;
			case '2':
				status_set("CAL");
				break;
			case '3':
				status_set("OVER");
				dstate_setinfo("battery.test.status", "Overcurrent?");
				break;
			case '4':
				/* The following message is confusing, and may not be accurate: */
				/* dstate_setinfo("battery.test.status", "Battery state unknown"); */
				break;
			case '5':
				status_set("OVER");
				dstate_setinfo("battery.test.status", "Battery fail - overcurrent?");
				break;
			default:
				upslogx(LOG_ERR, "Unknown value for s[2]: 0x%02x", s_value[2]);
				dstate_datastale();
				break;
		}


		if(s_value[4] & 4) {
			status_set("OFF");
		} else {
			/* Online/on battery: */
			if(s_value[4] & 1) {
				status_set("OB");
			} else {
				status_set("OL");
			}
		}

		/* This may not be right... */
		if(tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO) {
			battery_charge = (unsigned)(s_value[5]);
			dstate_setinfo("battery.charge",  "%u", battery_charge);
		}
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	switch(s_value[1]) {
		case '0':
			status_set("LB");
			break;
		case '1': /* Depends on s_value[2] */
			break;
		case '2':
			if( tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO ) {
				status_set("RB");
				break;
			} /* else fall through: */
		default:
			upslogx(LOG_ERR, "Unknown value for s[1]: 0x%02x", s_value[1]);
			dstate_datastale();
			break;
	}

	status_commit();

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	if( tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS || tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS_2001 ) {
		ret = send_cmd(b_msg, sizeof(b_msg), b_value, sizeof(b_value));
		if(ret <= 0) {
			dstate_datastale();
			usb_comm_fail(ret, "Error reading B value");
			return;
		}

		dstate_setinfo("input.voltage", "%.2f", hex2d(b_value+1, 4)/30.0);

		bv = hex2d(b_value+5, 2)/16.0;

		/* dq ~= sqrt(dV) is a reasonable approximation
		 * Results fit well against the discrete function used in the Tripp Lite
		 * source, but give a continuous result. */
		if (bv >= V_interval[1])
			bp = 100;
		else if (bv <= V_interval[0])
			bp = 10;
		else
			bp = (int)(100*sqrt((bv - V_interval[0])
						/ (V_interval[1] - V_interval[0])));

		dstate_setinfo("battery.voltage", "%.2f", bv);
		dstate_setinfo("battery.charge",  "%3d", bp);
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	if( tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO || tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004 ) {
		ret = send_cmd(d_msg, sizeof(d_msg), d_value, sizeof(d_value));
		if(ret <= 0) {
			dstate_datastale();
			usb_comm_fail(ret, "Error reading D value");
			return;
		}

		dstate_setinfo("input.voltage", "%d",
				hex2d(d_value+1, 2) * input_voltage_scaled / 120);

		bv = hex2d(d_value+3, 2) * battery_voltage_nominal / 120.0 ;

		dstate_setinfo("battery.voltage", "%.2f", bv);

		/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

		ret = send_cmd(m_msg, sizeof(m_msg), m_value, sizeof(m_value));

                if(m_value[5] != 0x0d) { /* we only expect 4 hex digits */
			dstate_setinfo("ups.debug.M", "%s", hexascdump(m_value+1, 7));
		}

		if(ret <= 0) {
			dstate_datastale();
			usb_comm_fail(ret, "Error reading M (min/max input voltage)");
			return;
		}

		dstate_setinfo("input.voltage.minimum", "%3d", hex2d(m_value+1, 2));
		dstate_setinfo("input.voltage.maximum", "%3d", hex2d(m_value+3, 2));

		/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

		ret = send_cmd(t_msg, sizeof(t_msg), t_value, sizeof(t_value));
		dstate_setinfo("ups.debug.T", "%s", hexascdump(t_value+1, 7));
		if(ret <= 0) {
			dstate_datastale();
			usb_comm_fail(ret, "Error reading T value");
			return;
		}

		if( tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO ) {
			freq = hex2d(t_value + 3, 3);
			dstate_setinfo("input.frequency", "%.1f", freq / 10.0);

			switch(t_value[6]) {
				case '1':
					dstate_setinfo("input.frequency.nominal", "%d", 60);
					break;
				case '0':
					dstate_setinfo("input.frequency.nominal", "%d", 50);
					break;
			}
                }

		if( tl_model == TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004 ) {
			freq = hex2d(t_value + 3, 4);
			dstate_setinfo("input.frequency", "%.1f", freq / 10.0);
		}

		/* I'm guessing this is a calibration constant of some sort. */
		dstate_setinfo("ups.temperature", "%.1f", (unsigned)(hex2d(t_value+1, 2)) * 0.3636 - 21);
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	ret = send_cmd(l_msg, sizeof(l_msg), l_value, sizeof(l_value));
	if(ret <= 0) {
		dstate_datastale();
		usb_comm_fail(ret, "Error reading L value");
		return;
	}

	switch(tl_model) {
		case TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS:
		case TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS_2001:
			dstate_setinfo("output.voltage", "%.1f", hex2d(l_value+1, 4)/2.0);
			break;
		case TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO:
			dstate_setinfo("ups.load", "%d", hex2d(l_value+1, 2));
			break;
		case TRIPP_LITE_SMART_0004:
			dstate_setinfo("ups.load", "%d", hex2d(l_value+1, 2));
			dstate_setinfo("ups.debug.L","%s", hexascdump(l_value+1, 7));
			break;
		default:
			dstate_setinfo("ups.debug.L","%s", hexascdump(l_value+1, 7));
			break;
	}

	/* - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - * - */

	if(tl_model != TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS && tl_model != TRIPP_LITE_OMNIVS_2001) {
		debug_message("D", 2);

		/* We already grabbed these above: */
		if(tl_model != TRIPP_LITE_SMARTPRO) {
			debug_message("V", 2); /* Probably not necessary - seems to be static */
			debug_message("M", 2);
			debug_message("T", 2);
			debug_message("P", 2);
		}
		/* debug_message("U", 2); */
	}

	dstate_dataok();
}

void upsdrv_help(void)
{
}

void upsdrv_makevartable(void)
{
	char msg[256];

	snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "Set shutdown delay, in seconds (default=%d).",
		DEFAULT_OFFDELAY);
	addvar(VAR_VALUE, "offdelay", msg);

        /* allow -x vendor=X, vendorid=X, product=X, productid=X, serial=X */
	addvar(VAR_VALUE, "vendor", "Regular expression to match UPS Manufacturer string");
	addvar(VAR_VALUE, "product", "Regular expression to match UPS Product string");
	addvar(VAR_VALUE, "serial", "Regular expression to match UPS Serial number");
	addvar(VAR_VALUE, "productid", "Regular expression to match UPS Product numerical ID (4 digits hexadecimal)");
	addvar(VAR_VALUE, "bus", "Regular expression to match USB bus name");

#if 0
	snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "Set start delay, in seconds (default=%d).",
		DEFAULT_STARTDELAY);
	addvar(VAR_VALUE, "startdelay", msg);
	snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "Set reboot delay, in seconds (default=%d).",
		DEFAULT_BOOTDELAY);
	addvar(VAR_VALUE, "rebootdelay", msg);
#endif
}

/*!@brief Initialize UPS and variables from ups.conf
 *
 * @todo Allow binding based on firmware version (which seems to vary wildly
 * from unit to unit)
 */
void upsdrv_initups(void)
{
	char *regex_array[6];
	int r;

	/* process the UPS selection options */
	regex_array[0] = NULL; /* handled by USB IDs device table */
	regex_array[1] = getval("productid");
	regex_array[2] = getval("vendor"); /* vendor string */
	regex_array[3] = getval("product"); /* product string */
	regex_array[4] = getval("serial"); /* probably won't see this */
	regex_array[5] = getval("bus");

	r = USBNewRegexMatcher(&regex_matcher, regex_array, REG_ICASE | REG_EXTENDED);
	if (r==-1) {
		fatal_with_errno(EXIT_FAILURE, "USBNewRegexMatcher");
	} else if (r) {
		fatalx(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid regular expression: %s", regex_array[r]);
	}

	/* link the matchers */
	regex_matcher->next = &subdriver_matcher;

	/* Search for the first supported UPS matching the regular
	 *            expression */
	r = comm_driver->open(&udev, &curDevice, regex_matcher, NULL);
	if (r < 1) {
		fatalx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No matching USB/HID UPS found");
	}

	hd = &curDevice;
	
	upslogx(1, "Detected a UPS: %s/%s", hd->Vendor ? hd->Vendor : "unknown", hd->Product ? hd->Product : "unknown");

	dstate_setinfo("ups.vendorid", "%04x", hd->VendorID);
	dstate_setinfo("ups.productid", "%04x", hd->ProductID);

	/* create a new matcher for later reopening */
	r = USBNewExactMatcher(&reopen_matcher, hd);
	if (r) {
		fatal_with_errno(EXIT_FAILURE, "USBNewExactMatcher");
	}
	/* link the two matchers */
	reopen_matcher->next = regex_matcher;

	if (getval("offdelay"))
		offdelay = atoi(getval("offdelay"));
#if 0
	if (getval("startdelay"))
		startdelay = atoi(getval("startdelay"));
	if (getval("rebootdelay"))
		bootdelay = atoi(getval("rebootdelay"));
#endif
}

void upsdrv_cleanup(void)
{
	comm_driver->close(udev);
	USBFreeExactMatcher(reopen_matcher);
	USBFreeRegexMatcher(regex_matcher);
}