mirror of
https://github.com/retspen/webvirtcloud
synced 2026-11-08 11:16:47 +00:00
42ab293dc5
- 25 vrtManager test modules configured settings themselves when Django had none (MAC_OUI, and in test_network_ip a fake django module): under manage.py test settings are always configured, so it never ran. - webvirtcloud/tests/test_common_tags.py tested no tag: it fetched an unknown URL, as test_error_pages and test_logging already do. - .gitignore covers the parallel runs' test_db_N.sqlite3 files too.
538 lines
25 KiB
Python
538 lines
25 KiB
Python
"""Migration: the source definition never stays behind; a shut-off VM's
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definition is moved by the app, not by libvirt's offline migration."""
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import contextlib
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import unittest
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from unittest import mock
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import libvirt
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from vrtManager import util
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from vrtManager.instance import wvmInstances
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def no_domain():
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error = libvirt.libvirtError("Domain not found")
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error.err = (libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_DOMAIN,)
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return error
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class FakeDomain:
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def __init__(self, xml="<domain/>", snapshots=0, saved=False, undefine_fails=False, undefine_lost=False,
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started=False):
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self.calls = []
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self.xml = xml
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self.snapshots = snapshots
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self.saved = saved
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self.undefine_fails = undefine_fails
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self.undefine_lost = undefine_lost # undefined, but the reply is lost
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self.started = started # started by another client during the move
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self.undefined = None
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self.redefined = []
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self.restored_autostart = None
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def migrate(self, dconn, flags, dname, uri, bandwidth):
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self.calls.append((flags, uri))
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def name(self):
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return "vm"
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def UUIDString(self):
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return "u-1"
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inactive_xml = None # the persistent definition, when it differs
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def XMLDesc(self, flags):
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if flags & libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_XML_INACTIVE and self.inactive_xml:
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return self.inactive_xml
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return self.xml
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def snapshotNum(self, flags=0):
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return self.snapshots
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def hasManagedSaveImage(self, flags=0):
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return self.saved
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def undefineFlags(self, flags):
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if self.undefine_fails:
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raise libvirt.libvirtError("undefine failed")
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self.undefined = flags
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if self.undefine_lost:
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raise libvirt.libvirtError("Cannot recv data")
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def isPersistent(self):
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return self.undefined is None or bool(self.redefined)
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def isActive(self):
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if not self.started and self.undefined is not None:
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raise no_domain() # libvirt: an undefined shut-off VM is gone
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return self.started
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def autostart(self):
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return 1
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def setAutostart(self, value):
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self.restored_autostart = value
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def connect(self):
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return self
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def defineXML(self, xml):
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self.redefined.append(xml)
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return self
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def no_volume():
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error = libvirt.libvirtError("Storage volume not found")
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error.err = (libvirt.VIR_ERR_NO_STORAGE_VOL,)
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return error
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class FakeVolume:
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def __init__(self, backing):
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self.backing = backing
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def XMLDesc(self, flags=0):
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if self.backing is None:
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return "<volume><target><path>x</path></target></volume>"
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return f"<volume><backingStore><path>{self.backing}</path></backingStore></volume>"
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class FakePool:
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def __init__(self, host, active=True):
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self.host = host
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self.active = active
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def isActive(self):
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return self.active
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def XMLDesc(self, flags=0):
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return "<pool><target><path>/elsewhere</path></target></pool>"
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def refresh(self, flags=0):
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self.host.refreshes += 1
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self.host.volumes |= self.host.unlisted
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self.host.unlisted = set()
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def storageVolLookupByName(self, name):
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return self.host.storageVolLookupByPath(name)
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class FakeHost:
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"""The destination's libvirt connection. volumes: the paths its pools
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list; unlisted: files its pools show after a refresh."""
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def __init__(self, existing=(), volumes=(), unlisted=(), backing=None, inactive_pools=()):
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self.existing = set(existing)
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self.defined = []
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self.new = []
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self.volumes = set(volumes)
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self.unlisted = set(unlisted)
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self.backing = backing or {} # path: the path of its backing file
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self.inactive_pools = set(inactive_pools)
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self.refreshes = 0
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def storageVolLookupByPath(self, path):
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if path not in self.volumes:
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raise no_volume()
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return FakeVolume(self.backing.get(path))
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def storagePoolLookupByName(self, name):
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return FakePool(self, active=name not in self.inactive_pools)
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def listAllStoragePools(self, flags=0):
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return [FakePool(self)]
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def lookup(self, key):
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if key in self.existing:
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return FakeDomain()
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raise no_domain()
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lookupByName = lookupByUUIDString = lookup
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def defineXML(self, xml):
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self.defined.append(xml)
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self.new.append(FakeDomain())
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return self.new[-1]
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class FakeSource:
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def __init__(self, state, nvram=None, **domain):
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self.state = state
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self.nvram = nvram
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self.instance = FakeDomain(**domain)
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def get_nvram(self):
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return self.nvram
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reads = 0
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def get_status(self):
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self.reads += 1
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return self.state
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def get_arch(self):
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return "x86_64"
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def get_dom_emulator(self):
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return "/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64"
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def destination(host=None):
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dest = wvmInstances.__new__(wvmInstances)
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dest.wvm = host or FakeHost()
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dest.get_emulator = lambda arch: "/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64"
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return dest
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class MigrationFlagsTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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def test_the_source_definition_is_always_removed(self):
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for state, live, offline in ((1, True, False), (3, False, False)):
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with self.subTest(state=state):
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source = FakeSource(state)
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destination().moveto(source, "vm", live=live, unsafe=False, offline=offline)
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flags = source.instance.calls[0][0]
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self.assertTrue(flags & libvirt.VIR_MIGRATE_UNDEFINE_SOURCE)
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self.assertTrue(flags & libvirt.VIR_MIGRATE_PERSIST_DEST)
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def test_the_migration_uri_is_passed_on(self):
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source = FakeSource(1)
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destination().moveto(source, "vm", live=True, unsafe=False, offline=False, uri="tcp://192.0.2.12")
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self.assertEqual(source.instance.calls[0][1], "tcp://192.0.2.12")
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source = FakeSource(1)
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destination().moveto(source, "vm", live=True, unsafe=False, offline=False)
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self.assertIsNone(source.instance.calls[0][1])
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class ShutOffMigrationTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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"""libvirt's offline migration fails on some builds (RHEL-156800); a
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shut-off VM is only its definition, so the app moves that itself."""
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def setUp(self):
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# a libvirtError built here takes the message of an earlier real error
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# in this thread (an earlier live test) instead of its own
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libvirt.virResetLastError()
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def test_the_definition_moves_to_the_destination(self):
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host = FakeHost()
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source = FakeSource(5, xml="<domain><name>vm</name></domain>")
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", live=False, unsafe=False, offline=True)
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self.assertEqual(host.defined, ["<domain><name>vm</name></domain>"])
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self.assertEqual(source.instance.calls, [])
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self.assertEqual(source.instance.undefined, libvirt.VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_KEEP_NVRAM)
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def test_a_tpm_without_local_state_moves(self):
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xml = "<domain><devices><tpm model='tpm-tis'><backend type='passthrough'/></tpm></devices></domain>"
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host = FakeHost()
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destination(host).moveto(FakeSource(5, xml=xml), "vm", live=False, unsafe=False, offline=True)
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self.assertEqual(host.defined, [xml])
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def test_refused_before_anything_changes(self):
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cases = {
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"saved state": (FakeHost(), {"saved": True}),
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"same uuid on the destination": (FakeHost(existing={"u-1"}), {}),
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"same name on the destination": (FakeHost(existing={"vm"}), {}),
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}
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for case, (host, domain) in cases.items():
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with self.subTest(case=case):
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source = FakeSource(5, **domain)
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with self.assertRaises(util.OperationError):
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", live=False, unsafe=False, offline=True)
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self.assertEqual(host.defined, [])
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self.assertIsNone(source.instance.undefined)
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def test_a_failed_source_undefine_removes_the_new_definition(self):
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host = FakeHost()
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source = FakeSource(5, undefine_fails=True)
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with self.assertRaises(libvirt.libvirtError):
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", live=False, unsafe=False, offline=True)
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self.assertIsNotNone(host.new[0].undefined)
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def test_the_destination_definition_stays_when_the_source_has_none(self):
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host = FakeHost()
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source = FakeSource(5, undefine_lost=True)
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with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, "only on the destination"):
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", live=False, unsafe=False, offline=True)
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self.assertIsNone(host.new[0].undefined)
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def test_a_failed_rollback_is_reported(self):
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host = FakeHost()
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source = FakeSource(5, undefine_fails=True)
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host.defineXML = lambda xml: host.new.append(FakeDomain(undefine_fails=True)) or host.new[-1]
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with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, "undefine failed; the VM is now defined on both hosts"):
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", live=False, unsafe=False, offline=True)
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def test_a_vm_started_meanwhile_stays_on_the_source(self):
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host = FakeHost()
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source = FakeSource(5, xml="<domain><name>vm</name></domain>", started=True)
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with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, "started on the source"):
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", live=False, unsafe=False, offline=True)
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self.assertEqual(source.instance.redefined, ["<domain><name>vm</name></domain>"])
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self.assertEqual(source.instance.restored_autostart, 1)
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self.assertIsNotNone(host.new[0].undefined)
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class MigrationModeTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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"""The state is read once; a request that does not fit it is refused
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before anything changes, and moveto names the mode it used."""
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def migrate(self, state, **request):
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source = FakeSource(state)
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options = {"live": False, "unsafe": False, "offline": False, **request}
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mode, _copied = destination().moveto(source, "vm", **options)
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return mode, source.instance.calls[0][0] if source.instance.calls else None
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def test_refused_requests(self):
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for state, request in ((1, {"offline": True}), (3, {"offline": True}),
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(1, {"live": True, "offline": True}), (6, {}), (4, {}), (7, {}), (0, {})):
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with self.subTest(state=state, request=request):
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source = FakeSource(state)
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with self.assertRaises(util.OperationError):
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destination().moveto(source, "vm", unsafe=False, **{"live": False, "offline": False, **request})
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self.assertEqual(source.instance.calls, [])
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def test_a_vm_with_snapshots_is_refused_in_every_state(self):
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"""libvirt keeps snapshot metadata on the source host; a migration
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does not carry it, even with shared disks."""
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for state, request in ((1, {"live": True}), (1, {}), (3, {}), (5, {})):
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with self.subTest(state=state, request=request):
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host = FakeHost()
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source = FakeSource(state, snapshots=1)
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with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, "A VM with snapshots cannot be migrated"):
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", unsafe=False, **{"live": False, "offline": False, **request})
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self.assertEqual(source.instance.calls, [])
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self.assertEqual(host.defined, [])
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def test_modes(self):
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live, unsafe = libvirt.VIR_MIGRATE_LIVE, libvirt.VIR_MIGRATE_UNSAFE
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converge, compressed = libvirt.VIR_MIGRATE_AUTO_CONVERGE, libvirt.VIR_MIGRATE_COMPRESSED
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mode, flags = self.migrate(1, live=True, autoconverge=True, compress=True, unsafe=True)
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self.assertEqual(mode, "live, unsafe, auto converge, compressed")
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self.assertEqual(flags & (live | unsafe | converge | compressed), live | unsafe | converge | compressed)
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source = FakeSource(1)
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destination().moveto(source, "vm", live=True, unsafe=False, offline=False)
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self.assertEqual(source.reads, 1)
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mode, flags = self.migrate(1, compress=True, autoconverge=True)
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self.assertEqual(mode, "non-live, compressed")
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self.assertEqual(flags & (live | converge | compressed), compressed)
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# a paused VM stays paused; the tuning options are for running VMs
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mode, flags = self.migrate(3, live=True, autoconverge=True, compress=True, unsafe=True)
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self.assertEqual(mode, "live")
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self.assertEqual(flags & (live | unsafe | converge | compressed), live)
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self.assertEqual(self.migrate(5), ("offline", None))
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self.assertEqual(self.migrate(5, offline=True), ("offline", None))
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# asked while it ran, then shut down: it moves offline, the tuning options unused
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self.assertEqual(self.migrate(5, live=True, autoconverge=True, compress=True), ("offline", None))
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def with_disks(*disks):
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return "<domain><devices>%s</devices></domain>" % "".join(disks)
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FILE_DISK = "<disk type='file' device='disk'><source file='/pool/vm.qcow2'/><target dev='vda'/></disk>"
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class DestinationDisksTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
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"""Every disk of the VM must be a volume the destination knows; the
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VM is refused before anything changes otherwise, naming the disks.
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(Which disks are copied, and that the others are shared, is
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test_disk_copy_migration's.)"""
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def setUp(self):
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patcher = mock.patch.object(wvmInstances, "disk_copies", return_value=[])
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patcher.start()
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self.addCleanup(patcher.stop)
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def migrate(self, host, xml, state=1, inactive_xml=None):
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source = FakeSource(state, xml=xml)
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source.instance.inactive_xml = inactive_xml
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live = state != 5
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", live=live, unsafe=False, offline=not live)
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return source
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def test_known_volumes_migrate(self):
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host = FakeHost(volumes={"/pool/vm.qcow2", "/pool/base.qcow2", "/iso/os.iso"})
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xml = with_disks(
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"<disk type='file' device='disk'><source file='/pool/vm.qcow2'/><target dev='vda'/>"
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"<backingStore type='file'><source file='/pool/base.qcow2'/><backingStore/></backingStore></disk>",
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"<disk type='file' device='cdrom'><source file='/iso/os.iso'/><target dev='sda'/></disk>",
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"<disk type='file' device='cdrom'><target dev='sdb'/></disk>", # empty
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"<disk type='network' device='disk'><source protocol='rbd' name='rbd/vm'/><target dev='vdb'/></disk>",
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"<disk type='volume' device='disk'><source pool='p' volume='/pool/vm.qcow2'/><target dev='vdc'/></disk>",
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)
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self.assertEqual(len(self.migrate(host, xml).instance.calls), 1)
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self.assertEqual(host.defined, [])
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self.migrate(host, xml, state=5)
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self.assertEqual(len(host.defined), 1)
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def test_missing_disks_are_refused_and_named(self):
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cases = {
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"vda \\(/pool/vm.qcow2\\)": with_disks(FILE_DISK),
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"sda \\(/iso/os.iso\\)": with_disks(
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"<disk type='file' device='cdrom'><source file='/iso/os.iso'/><target dev='sda'/></disk>"),
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"vda \\(/pool/base.qcow2\\)": with_disks(
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"<disk type='file' device='disk'><source file='/pool/vm.qcow2'/><target dev='vda'/>"
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"<backingStore type='file'><source file='/pool/base.qcow2'/></backingStore></disk>"),
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"vdb \\(/dev/sdz\\)": with_disks(
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"<disk type='block' device='disk'><source dev='/dev/sdz'/><target dev='vdb'/></disk>"),
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"vdc \\(p/v\\)": with_disks(
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"<disk type='volume' device='disk'><source pool='p' volume='v'/><target dev='vdc'/></disk>"),
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}
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for missing, xml in cases.items():
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for state in (1, 5):
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with self.subTest(missing=missing, state=state):
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host = FakeHost(volumes=set() if "vm.qcow2" in missing else {"/pool/vm.qcow2"})
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source = FakeSource(state, xml=xml)
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with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, missing):
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destination(host).moveto(source, "vm", live=state == 1, unsafe=False, offline=state == 5)
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self.assertEqual((source.instance.calls, host.defined), ([], []))
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def test_a_disk_of_the_persistent_definition_is_checked_too(self):
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host = FakeHost(volumes={"/pool/vm.qcow2"})
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inactive = with_disks(FILE_DISK, "<disk type='file' device='disk'><source file='/pool/data.img'/>"
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"<target dev='vdb'/></disk>")
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with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, "vdb \\(/pool/data.img\\)"):
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self.migrate(host, with_disks(FILE_DISK), inactive_xml=inactive)
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def test_pools_are_refreshed_before_a_disk_counts_as_missing(self):
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# a file another host made on shared storage is listed after a refresh
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host = FakeHost(unlisted={"/pool/vm.qcow2"})
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self.assertEqual(len(self.migrate(host, with_disks(FILE_DISK)).instance.calls), 1)
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self.assertEqual(host.refreshes, 1)
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host = FakeHost(volumes={"/pool/vm.qcow2"})
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self.migrate(host, with_disks(FILE_DISK))
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self.assertEqual(host.refreshes, 0)
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def test_backing_files_the_definition_does_not_list_are_checked(self):
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# an inactive definition has no <backingStore>: the volume tells
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for state in (1, 5):
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with self.subTest(state=state):
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host = FakeHost(volumes={"/pool/vm.qcow2", "/pool/mid.qcow2"},
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backing={"/pool/vm.qcow2": "/pool/mid.qcow2", "/pool/mid.qcow2": "/local/base.qcow2"})
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with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, "vda \\(/local/base.qcow2\\)"):
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self.migrate(host, with_disks(FILE_DISK), state=state)
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host.volumes.add("/local/base.qcow2")
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self.migrate(host, with_disks(FILE_DISK), state=state)
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def test_a_network_backing_image_is_not_checked(self):
|
|
host = FakeHost(volumes={"/pool/vm.qcow2"}, backing={"/pool/vm.qcow2": "nbd://storage.example.org:10809/base"})
|
|
self.assertEqual(len(self.migrate(host, with_disks(FILE_DISK)).instance.calls), 1)
|
|
|
|
def test_disks_that_cannot_be_checked_are_refused(self):
|
|
xml = with_disks("<disk type='dir' device='disk'><source dir='/srv/vm'/><target dev='vdb'/></disk>")
|
|
with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, "vdb \\(dir disk, cannot be checked\\)"):
|
|
self.migrate(FakeHost(), xml, state=5)
|
|
|
|
def test_a_volume_of_an_inactive_pool_is_missing(self):
|
|
host = FakeHost(volumes={"v"}, inactive_pools={"p"})
|
|
xml = with_disks("<disk type='volume' device='disk'><source pool='p' volume='v'/><target dev='vdc'/></disk>")
|
|
with self.assertRaisesRegex(util.OperationError, "vdc \\(p/v\\)"):
|
|
self.migrate(host, xml)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class NvramCopyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
|
|
"""A shut-off move copies the UEFI variables file to the destination."""
|
|
|
|
PATH = "/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/vm_VARS.fd"
|
|
|
|
def setUp(self):
|
|
libvirt.virResetLastError() # see ShutOffMigrationTestCase.setUp
|
|
self.source = FakeSource(5, nvram=self.PATH, xml="<domain><name>vm</name></domain>")
|
|
self.source.wvm = mock.MagicMock()
|
|
self.source.wvm.newStream.return_value.recvAll.side_effect = lambda fn, out: fn(None, b"vars", out)
|
|
self.source_pool = mock.MagicMock()
|
|
self.source._nvram_pool = lambda: contextlib.nullcontext(self.source_pool)
|
|
self.host = FakeHost()
|
|
self.dest = destination(self.host)
|
|
self.dest_pool = mock.MagicMock()
|
|
self.dest._nvram_pool = lambda: contextlib.nullcontext(self.dest_pool)
|
|
self.dest.wvm.newStream = mock.MagicMock()
|
|
self.shared = mock.patch.object(wvmInstances, "same_directory", return_value=False)
|
|
self.shared.start()
|
|
self.addCleanup(self.shared.stop)
|
|
|
|
def move(self):
|
|
self.dest.moveto(self.source, "vm", live=False, unsafe=False, offline=True)
|
|
|
|
def test_the_file_is_copied_before_the_definition(self):
|
|
self.move()
|
|
copy = self.dest_pool.createXML.return_value
|
|
self.assertIn("<name>vm_VARS.fd</name><capacity>4</capacity>", self.dest_pool.createXML.call_args[0][0])
|
|
copy.upload.assert_called_once_with(self.dest.wvm.newStream.return_value, 0, 4, 0)
|
|
self.assertEqual(self.host.defined, ["<domain><name>vm</name></domain>"])
|
|
|
|
def test_a_failed_download_aborts_its_stream(self):
|
|
stream = self.source.wvm.newStream.return_value
|
|
stream.recvAll.side_effect = libvirt.libvirtError("download failed")
|
|
with self.assertRaises(libvirt.libvirtError):
|
|
self.move()
|
|
stream.abort.assert_called_once_with()
|
|
self.dest_pool.createXML.assert_not_called()
|
|
|
|
def test_a_shared_directory_is_not_copied(self):
|
|
self.shared.stop()
|
|
with mock.patch.object(wvmInstances, "same_directory", return_value=True):
|
|
self.move()
|
|
self.dest_pool.createXML.assert_not_called()
|
|
self.shared.start()
|
|
|
|
def test_a_directory_whose_sharing_cannot_be_told_stops_the_move(self):
|
|
self.shared.stop()
|
|
# the raised error is this one: its message can be another libvirt
|
|
# error the thread recorded (a closed connection of an earlier live test)
|
|
error = libvirt.libvirtError("no marker")
|
|
with mock.patch.object(wvmInstances, "same_directory", side_effect=error):
|
|
with self.assertRaises(libvirt.libvirtError) as raised:
|
|
self.move()
|
|
self.assertIs(raised.exception, error)
|
|
self.shared.start()
|
|
self.assertEqual(self.host.defined, [])
|
|
|
|
def test_the_copy_is_deleted_when_the_definition_fails(self):
|
|
# the raised error is this one: its message can be another libvirt
|
|
# error the thread recorded (a closed connection of an earlier live test)
|
|
error = libvirt.libvirtError("define failed")
|
|
self.host.defineXML = mock.MagicMock(side_effect=error)
|
|
with self.assertRaises(libvirt.libvirtError) as raised:
|
|
self.move()
|
|
self.assertIs(raised.exception, error)
|
|
self.dest_pool.storageVolLookupByName.assert_called_once_with("vm_VARS.fd")
|
|
self.dest_pool.storageVolLookupByName.return_value.delete.assert_called_once_with(0)
|
|
|
|
|
|
class MigrationPlanTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
|
|
"""The Migrate tab's plan: the pools each disk can be copied into, and the
|
|
next start's disks the migration does not carry."""
|
|
|
|
def test_pools_with_a_file_of_the_name_and_the_next_start_disks(self):
|
|
dest = wvmInstances.__new__(wvmInstances)
|
|
pools = {"default": (mock.MagicMock(), "/i"), "fast": (mock.MagicMock(), "/srv/fast"),
|
|
"slow": (mock.MagicMock(), "/srv/slow")}
|
|
dest.file_pools = lambda: pools
|
|
vda = {"target": "vda", "path": "/i/vm.qcow2", "shared": False, "refusal": None}
|
|
vdb = {"target": "vdb", "path": "/i/new.qcow2", "shared": False, "refusal": None}
|
|
dest.disk_plan = lambda conn, xml: [dict(row) for row in {"live": [vda], "next": [vda, vdb]}[xml]]
|
|
# the pool on the disk's directory has a file of its name
|
|
dest._find_volume = lambda pool, name: object() if pool is pools["default"][0] else None
|
|
disks, pending = dest.migration_plan(None, "live", "next")
|
|
self.assertEqual((disks[0]["free_pools"], disks[0]["default"]), (["fast", "slow"], "fast"))
|
|
self.assertFalse(disks[0]["same_name"])
|
|
self.assertEqual(pending, [vdb])
|
|
for pool, directory in pools.values():
|
|
pool.refresh.assert_called_once_with(0) # a file made since is seen
|
|
|
|
def test_disks_of_one_file_name_go_to_different_pools(self):
|
|
dest = wvmInstances.__new__(wvmInstances)
|
|
pools = {"fast": (mock.MagicMock(), "/srv/fast"), "slow": (mock.MagicMock(), "/srv/slow")}
|
|
dest.file_pools = lambda: pools
|
|
dest._find_volume = lambda pool, name: None
|
|
rows = [{"target": "vda", "path": "/x/data.qcow2", "shared": False, "refusal": None},
|
|
{"target": "vdb", "path": "/nfs/data.qcow2", "shared": True, "refusal": None},
|
|
{"target": "vdc", "path": "/y/data.qcow2", "shared": False, "refusal": None},
|
|
{"target": "vdd", "path": "/z/data.qcow2", "shared": False, "refusal": None},
|
|
{"target": "vde", "path": "/x/os.qcow2", "shared": False, "refusal": None}]
|
|
dest.disk_plan = lambda conn, xml: [dict(row) for row in rows]
|
|
disks, pending = dest.migration_plan(None, "live", "next")
|
|
# the shared disk stays where it is by default: it takes no pool; the fourth finds none left
|
|
self.assertEqual([disk["default"] for disk in disks if not disk["shared"]], ["fast", "slow", None, "fast"])
|
|
self.assertEqual([disk["same_name"] for disk in disks], [True, True, True, True, False])
|