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webvirtcloud/instances/views.py
catborise 2d0f41ee57 perf(instances): VM lists read each host once, not three calls a VM
A VM list row showed the VM's state, memory, vCPUs and title, read
through the VM's own connection object: a lookup by UUID, virDomainGetInfo
and the live XML, one after the other for every VM on the page.

The lists (Instances, grouped or not, and a compute's VMs) now read each
host once: the states in one getAllDomainStats call (the state group
only, as the lists' poll; no other group, so a VM busy in the QEMU
monitor holds nothing up) and the memory, vCPUs and title from each
VM's live XML, which the title already read. Checked on QEMU against
virDomainGetInfo for running, paused and shut-off VMs: the same values.

A VM gone from its host, or a host that cannot be read or fails its
listing, shows its VMs unknown as before. Only the grouped list, a
superuser's, prefetches every host's VMs and owners.
2026-11-04 20:54:11 +03:00

2695 lines
111 KiB
Python
Executable file

try:
import crypt_r as crypt
except ImportError:
import crypt
import difflib
import functools
import hashlib
import hmac
import json
import os
import re
import secrets
import socket
import subprocess
import time
from ipaddress import ip_address
from accounts.models import UserInstance, UserSSHKey
from admin.decorators import superuser_only
from appsettings.models import AppSettings
from appsettings.settings import app_settings
from computes.models import Compute
from computes.validators import validate_hostname, validate_login
from computes.utils import libvirt_compute_lock, libvirt_instance_lock, lock_ownership, user_quota_lock
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib import messages
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import permission_required
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.core import signing
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied, ValidationError
from django.http import Http404, HttpResponse, JsonResponse
from django.db import transaction
from django.db.models import Prefetch, prefetch_related_objects
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, redirect, render
from django.urls import reverse
from django.template.defaultfilters import filesizeformat
from django.utils import timezone
from django.utils.translation import gettext as _
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy, gettext_noop
from django.views.decorators.http import require_POST
from libvirt import (VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED,
VIR_DOMAIN_RUNNING,
VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF,
VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_KEEP_NVRAM,
VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_MANAGED_SAVE,
VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_SNAPSHOTS_METADATA,
VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_NVRAM,
VIR_DOMAIN_XML_INACTIVE,
VIR_ERR_NO_SUPPORT,
libvirtError)
from logs.audit import audit, audit_vm, changed_fields, failed_vm
from logs.audit import snapshot as audit_snapshot
from operations import claims, jobs
from operations.utils import busy_message, summary
from webvirtcloud.middleware import error_text, same_origin_referer
from vrtManager import util
from vrtManager.create import cpu_choices, wvmCreate
from vrtManager.instance import USAGE_MAX_WINDOW, wvmInstances
from vrtManager.interface import wvmInterface
from vrtManager.nodedevs import device_names, hostdev_problems, node_devices, pci_problems
from vrtManager.storage import wvmStorage
from vrtManager.util import randomPasswd
from instances.models import Instance
from . import addresses, report, utils
from .api.serializers import DestroyOptionsSerializer
from .forms import ConsoleForm, FlavorForm, NewVMForm
from .models import Flavor
from .states import POWER_STATES, STATES, UNKNOWN, allowed_actions, state_label
# the VM page waits this long (seconds) for the compute's drbdadm status
DRBD_STATUS_TIMEOUT = 10
# the stats tab sends the sample of each answer back with its next poll
STATS_SAMPLE_SIGNER = signing.TimestampSigner(salt="instances.stats-sample")
def index(request):
instances = None
computes = list(Compute.objects.all().order_by("name"))
for compute in computes:
utils.refr(compute)
show_hosts = request.user.is_superuser or request.user.has_perm("instances.view_instances")
own_hosts_down = False
if request.user.is_superuser and app_settings.VIEW_INSTANCES_LIST_STYLE == "grouped":
# each host's VMs by name: the database keeps no order of its own
prefetch_related_objects(computes, Prefetch("instance_set", queryset=Instance.objects.order_by("name")),
"instance_set__userinstance_set__user")
instances = [inst for compute in computes for inst in compute.instance_set.all()]
elif show_hosts:
instances = list(Instance.objects.order_by("name").prefetch_related("userinstance_set__user"))
else:
instances = list(Instance.objects.filter(
userinstance__user=request.user
).order_by("name").prefetch_related("userinstance_set__user"))
# other users get no host names or connection errors, only whether
# a host of their own VMs is down
own = {inst.compute_id for inst in instances}
own_hosts_down = any(c.status is not True for c in computes if c.pk in own)
utils.read_list_rows(instances)
return render(
request,
"allinstances.html",
{"computes": computes, "instances": instances, "show_hosts": show_hosts, "own_hosts_down": own_hosts_down,
"reachable_computes": [c for c in computes if c.status is True],
"unreachable_computes": [c for c in computes if c.status is not True],
"states": [label for label, _color in STATES.values()] + [UNKNOWN[0]],
"states_url": reverse("instances:states")},
)
def _listed_computes(user, computes):
"""The hosts of the VM list: every host for a user who sees hosts, else
only those of the user's own VMs."""
if user.is_superuser or user.has_perm("instances.view_instances"):
return computes
own = set(Instance.objects.filter(userinstance__user=user).values_list("compute_id", flat=True))
return [c for c in computes if c.pk in own]
def states(request):
"""The VM lists' poll: utils.vm_states of the list's hosts; ?compute=id
for one host's list (administrators)."""
computes = list(Compute.objects.all())
if request.GET.get("compute"):
if not request.user.is_superuser:
raise PermissionDenied
computes = [get_object_or_404(Compute, pk=request.GET["compute"])]
response = JsonResponse({"computes": utils.vm_states(request.user, _listed_computes(request.user, computes))})
response["Cache-Control"] = "no-store"
return response
def _address_scope(user):
"""What the address search and the VM report read for the user: whether
the user sees hosts, the registered VMs by (compute id, UUID), and the
targets. Administrators read every compute, VMs the panel has not
registered included; other users only their own VMs. A VM is its compute
and UUID: one UUID may be defined on two hosts."""
show_hosts = user.is_superuser or user.has_perm("instances.view_instances")
if show_hosts:
known = {(inst.compute_id, inst.uuid): inst for inst in Instance.objects.all()}
return show_hosts, known, [addresses.Target(compute, None) for compute in Compute.objects.all()]
known = {(inst.compute_id, inst.uuid): inst for inst in
Instance.objects.filter(userinstance__user=user).select_related("compute")}
scopes = {}
for inst in known.values():
scopes.setdefault(inst.compute_id, addresses.Target(inst.compute, set())).uuids.add(inst.uuid)
return show_hosts, known, list(scopes.values())
def find_address(request):
"""
The running VMs using an IP address or an address in a network, or the
VMs with a NIC of a MAC address, shut-off ones too
(instances/addresses.py), as JSON for the Instances page's dialog.
Administrators search every compute, VMs the panel has not registered
included, and see the hosts; other users only their own VMs, without
hosts or host errors.
"""
query = request.GET.get("q", "")
mac = addresses.parse_mac(query)
if mac is None:
try:
network = addresses.parse_query(query)
except ValueError:
return JsonResponse({"error": _("Enter an IP address, a network such as 192.0.2.0/24, or a MAC address.")},
status=400)
show_hosts, known, targets = _address_scope(request.user)
try:
result = addresses.find_mac(targets, mac) if mac else addresses.find(targets, network)
except addresses.Busy:
return JsonResponse({"error": _("Too many searches are still running; try again shortly.")}, status=409)
hosts = {target.compute.id: target.compute.name for target in targets}
matches = []
for match in result["matches"]:
inst = known.get((match["compute_id"], match["uuid"]))
if inst is None and not show_hosts:
continue
row = {key: match[key] for key in ("address", "mac", "sources", "conflict")}
row.update(vm=inst.name if inst else match["name"], registered=inst is not None,
url=reverse("instances:instance", args=[inst.id]) + "#network" if inst else None)
if show_hosts:
row["host"] = hosts[match["compute_id"]]
matches.append(row)
coverage = {key: result[key] for key in ("checked", "no_agent", "unread")}
if show_hosts:
coverage.update(hosts_down=result["hosts_down"], hosts_unfinished=result["hosts_unfinished"])
else:
coverage["some_unchecked"] = bool(result["hosts_down"] or result["hosts_unfinished"])
return JsonResponse({"matches": matches, "coverage": coverage, "read_at": timezone.now().isoformat()})
@superuser_only
def vm_report(request):
"""
Every VM on every compute (shut-off ones and those the panel has not
registered too), with its state, host, OS, size, addresses and owners,
as an Excel workbook; a second sheet says what could not be read
(instances/addresses.py inventory). Linked from the Administration menu.
"""
known, targets = _address_scope(request.user)[1:]
try:
result = addresses.inventory(targets)
except addresses.Busy:
messages.error(request, _("Too many searches are still running; try again shortly."))
return redirect("instances:index")
hosts = {target.compute.id: target.compute.name for target in targets}
owners = {}
for owner in UserInstance.objects.select_related("user", "instance"):
owners.setdefault((owner.instance.compute_id, owner.instance.uuid), []).append(owner.user.username)
header = ["VM", "State", "Host", "OS", "OS family", "vCPUs", "Memory (MiB)", "IP addresses",
"Address sources", "MAC addresses", "Owners", "In the panel"]
rows = []
for vm in result["vms"]:
key = (vm["compute_id"], vm["uuid"])
# a link-local address (fe80::) is not one to report: every NIC has its own
reported = [(address, sources) for address, sources in vm["addresses"]
if not ip_address(address).is_link_local]
found = {source for _address, sources in reported for source in sources}
row = {"VM": vm["name"], "State": str(state_label(vm["state"])[0]), "Host": hosts[vm["compute_id"]],
"OS": vm["os"], "OS family": vm["os_family"], "vCPUs": vm["vcpus"], "Memory (MiB)": vm["memory"],
"IP addresses": ", ".join(address for address, _sources in reported),
"Address sources": ", ".join(s for s in addresses.SOURCES.values() if s in found),
"MAC addresses": ", ".join(vm["macs"]), "Owners": ", ".join(sorted(owners.get(key, []))),
"In the panel": "yes" if key in known else "no"}
rows.append(list(row.values()))
notes = [f"Created: {timezone.localtime():%Y-%m-%d %H:%M}",
f"VMs listed: {len(rows)}",
f"Running VMs read: {result['checked']}",
f"Without a connected guest agent (a static address on them cannot be seen): {result['no_agent']}",
f"Guest agents not read (a paused VM, no answer in time, or an error): {result['unread']}"]
if result["hosts_down"]:
notes.append("Hosts not reached: " + ", ".join(result["hosts_down"]))
if result["hosts_unfinished"]:
notes.append("Hosts not finished in time: " + ", ".join(result["hosts_unfinished"]))
response = HttpResponse(report.workbook("VMs", header, rows, "Coverage", notes),
content_type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet")
response["Content-Disposition"] = f'attachment; filename="vms-{timezone.localtime():%Y%m%d-%H%M}.xlsx"'
return response
def instance(request, pk):
instance: Instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
compute: Compute = instance.compute
# the page reads the VM from libvirt throughout; without the host it would
# be the error page, with a connection error that names the host
if compute.status is not True:
if request.user.is_superuser or request.user.has_perm("instances.view_instances"):
msg = _("The host %(host)s of '%(name)s' cannot be reached: %(error)s") % {
"host": compute.name,
"name": instance.name,
"error": compute.connection_error,
}
else:
msg = _("The host of '%(name)s' cannot be reached right now.") % {"name": instance.name}
messages.error(request, msg + _(" Jobs on it can be followed under Jobs in the menu."))
return redirect(reverse("instances:index"))
# The page only reads the VM, and its getters read the same XML some 30
# times: libvirt is asked once per kind of XML.
with instance.proxy.cached_reads():
return _instance_page(request, pk, instance, compute)
def _instance_page(request, pk, instance, compute):
computes = Compute.objects.all().order_by("name")
computes_count = computes.count()
# the add-owner choices: users who are not owners yet; a superuser can use every VM
users = User.objects.filter(is_superuser=False).exclude(userinstance__instance=instance).order_by("username")
publickeys = UserSSHKey.objects.filter(user_id=request.user.id)
keymaps = settings.QEMU_KEYMAPS
# The console form renders the VNC password, so only users who may manage
# console settings get the form (and the password) at all.
# a template is cloned, not run: no console settings or host devices on its page
can_manage_console = utils.can_manage_console(request.user, instance) and not instance.is_template
console_form = None
if can_manage_console:
console_form = ConsoleForm(instance=instance, is_superuser=request.user.is_superuser)
console_listener_addresses = settings.QEMU_CONSOLE_LISTENER_ADDRESSES
ipv4_addresses = [address for net in instance.networks for address in net["ipv4"] or []]
try:
userinstance = UserInstance.objects.get(
instance__compute_id=compute.id,
instance__name=instance.name,
user__id=request.user.id,
)
except UserInstance.DoesNotExist:
userinstance = None
# The page offers only what the backend allows this user (get_instance
# perm_type="change", utils.can_open_console); is_staff and the global
# view_instances permission are read-only.
can_open_console = utils.can_open_console(request.user, instance)
can_power = request.user.is_superuser or userinstance is not None
power_actions = allowed_actions(request.user, instance, instance.status)
power_states = POWER_STATES # the power tab names any other state above its strip
# a remote viewer on the user's computer reaches a VNC or SPICE console that listens beyond the host's loopback
vdi_reachable = instance.console_type in ("vnc", "spice") and not util.is_loopback(instance.console_listener_address)
# root's password and keys change in a shut-off VM's disk (gstfsd on the host), or through a running VM's agent
guest_access_ready = instance.status == 5 or (instance.status == 1 and instance.guest_agent_ready)
# get_instance(perm_type="delete"): a template only for superusers and staff owners
can_delete = request.user.is_superuser or bool(
userinstance and userinstance.is_delete and (request.user.is_staff or not instance.is_template)
)
# get_instance(perm_type="change"): a template only for superusers and staff owners
can_change = request.user.is_superuser or bool(
userinstance and userinstance.is_change and (request.user.is_staff or not instance.is_template)
)
can_clone = request.user.has_perm("instances.clone_instances") and (instance.is_template or can_change)
can_snapshot = can_change and request.user.has_perm("instances.snapshot_instances")
show_settings = (
request.user.is_superuser or can_manage_console or can_clone or can_change or instance.guest_agent_ready
)
clone_free_names = utils.get_clone_free_names()
default_bus = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_BUS
default_io = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_IO
default_discard = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_DISCARD
default_zeroes = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_DETECT_ZEROES
default_cache = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_CACHE
default_format = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_FORMAT
# default_disk_owner_uid = int(app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_OWNER_UID)
# default_disk_owner_gid = int(app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_OWNER_GID)
# clone_instance_auto_name = app_settings.CLONE_INSTANCE_AUTO_NAME
# userinstances = UserInstance.objects.filter(instance=instance).order_by('user__username')
userinstances = instance.userinstance_set.order_by("user__username")
# Host resources
vcpu_host = len(instance.proxy.get_max_cpus()) # the host's logical CPUs, not the VM's maximum
memory_host = instance.proxy.get_max_memory()
bus_host = instance.proxy.get_disk_bus_types(instance.arch, instance.machine)
cdrom_buses = cdrom_bus_choices(instance)
tpm_support = bool(instance.proxy.get_tpm_model(instance.arch, instance.machine))
networks_host = sorted(instance.proxy.get_networks())
interfaces_host = sorted(instance.proxy.get_ifaces())
nwfilters_host = instance.proxy.get_nwfilters()
storages_host = sorted(instance.proxy.get_storages(True))
net_models_host = instance.proxy.get_network_models()
if app_settings.VM_DRBD_STATUS == "True":
instance.drbd = drbd_status(request, pk)
instance.save()
usb_hostdevs, pci_hostdevs, other_hostdevs = instance.proxy.get_hostdevs()
if usb_hostdevs or pci_hostdevs:
names = device_names(instance.proxy)
for row in usb_hostdevs:
row["name"] = names.get((row["vendor"], row["product"]), "")
for row in pci_hostdevs:
row["name"] = names.get(row["address"], "")
# owners see the devices their VM has; only superusers change them
show_hostdevs = not instance.is_template and (
request.user.is_superuser or bool(usb_hostdevs or pci_hostdevs or other_hostdevs))
show_settings = show_settings or show_hostdevs
# what keeps the Migrate tab from migrating the VM to any destination
if computes_count == 1:
migrate_refusal = _("There is no other host to migrate to.")
elif instance.status not in (1, 3, 5):
migrate_refusal = _("A VM migrates when it is running, paused or shut off.")
elif instance.snapshots:
migrate_refusal = _("A VM with snapshots cannot be migrated: its snapshots stay on this host. Delete them first.")
elif usb_hostdevs or pci_hostdevs or other_hostdevs:
migrate_refusal = _("A VM with host devices cannot be migrated: the destination may not have them. Remove them first.")
else:
migrate_refusal = None
job_resource = claims.instance_key(instance.uuid)
return render(request, "instance.html", locals(),)
def status(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
return JsonResponse({"status": instance.proxy.get_status()})
def _valid_ssh_target(compute):
"""The login and hostname reach ssh as a command-line argument; a compute
whose values would inject an ssh option (an existing or bypassed row that
the field validators did not cover) is skipped rather than run."""
try:
validate_login(compute.login)
validate_hostname(compute.hostname)
except ValidationError:
return False
return True
def drbd_status(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
result = "None DRBD"
if instance.compute.type == 2 and _valid_ssh_target(instance.compute):
conn = instance.compute.login + "@" + instance.compute.hostname
try:
remoteDrbdStatus = subprocess.run(
["ssh", "--", conn, "sudo", "/usr/sbin/drbdadm", "status"],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
text=True,
timeout=DRBD_STATUS_TIMEOUT,
)
except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
return result
# the VM's resources are its name or its name_SUFFIX, at the start of a line
instanceFindDrbd = re.compile(
"^" + re.escape(instance.name) + "(?:_[A-Z]+)? role:(.+?)\n disk:(.+?)\n",
re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE,
)
instanceDrbd = instanceFindDrbd.findall(remoteDrbdStatus.stdout or "")
if instanceDrbd:
primaryCount = 0
secondaryCount = 0
statusDisk = "OK"
for disk in instanceDrbd:
if disk[0] == "Primary":
primaryCount = primaryCount + 1
elif disk[0] == "Secondary":
secondaryCount = secondaryCount + 1
if disk[1] != "UpToDate":
statusDisk = "NOK"
if primaryCount > 0 and secondaryCount > 0:
statusRole = "NOK"
else:
if primaryCount > secondaryCount:
statusRole = "Primary"
else:
statusRole = "Secondary"
result = statusRole + "/" + statusDisk
return result
def _stats_sample(instance, token):
"""The usage sample in a token of this VM's stats on its current compute,
or None when there is none, it is altered or too old."""
if not token:
return None
try:
data = STATS_SAMPLE_SIGNER.unsign_object(token, max_age=USAGE_MAX_WINDOW)
except signing.BadSignature:
return None
if data.get("vm") != [instance.id, instance.compute_id, instance.uuid]:
return None
return data["sample"]
def stats(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
usage = instance.proxy.usage(_stats_sample(instance, request.GET.get("sample")))
mem_usage = instance.proxy.mem_usage()
def mega(value):
return None if value is None else value / 10**6
result = {
"cpudata": None if usage["cpu"] is None else round(usage["cpu"], 1),
"memdata": mem_usage,
# MB/s and Mbit/s
"blkdata": [{"dev": disk["dev"], "data": [mega(disk["rd"]), mega(disk["wr"])]} for disk in usage["disks"]],
"netdata": [{"mac": nic["mac"], "data": [mega(nic["rx"]), mega(nic["tx"])]} for nic in usage["nics"]],
"timeline": time.strftime("%H:%M:%S"),
}
if "sample" in usage:
result["window"] = None if usage["window"] is None else round(usage["window"], 1)
result["sample"] = STATS_SAMPLE_SIGNER.sign_object(
{"vm": [instance.id, instance.compute_id, instance.uuid], "sample": usage["sample"]}, compress=True
)
return JsonResponse(result)
def osinfo(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
try:
return JsonResponse(instance.proxy.osinfo())
except libvirtError as err:
return JsonResponse({"error": error_text(request, err)}, status=400)
@superuser_only
def guess_mac_address(request, vname):
data = {"vname": vname}
mac = utils.get_dhcp_mac_address(vname)
if not mac:
mac = utils.get_random_mac_address()
data["mac"] = mac
return JsonResponse(data)
@superuser_only
def random_mac_address(request):
data = dict()
data["mac"] = utils.get_random_mac_address()
return JsonResponse(data)
@superuser_only
def guess_clone_name(request):
dhcp_file = utils.dhcpd_conf()
prefix = app_settings.CLONE_INSTANCE_DEFAULT_PREFIX
if os.path.isfile(dhcp_file):
instance_names = [
i.name for i in Instance.objects.filter(name__startswith=prefix)
]
with open(dhcp_file, "r") as f:
for line in f:
line = line.strip()
if f"host {prefix}" in line:
fqdn = line.split(" ")[1]
hostname = fqdn.split(".")[0]
if hostname.startswith(prefix) and hostname not in instance_names:
return JsonResponse({"name": hostname})
return JsonResponse({})
def sshkeys(request, pk):
"""
:param request:
:param vname:
:return:
"""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
instance_keys = []
userinstances = UserInstance.objects.filter(instance=instance)
for ui in userinstances:
keys = UserSSHKey.objects.filter(user=ui.user)
for k in keys:
instance_keys.append(k.keypublic)
if request.GET.get("plain", ""):
response = "\n".join(instance_keys)
response += "\n"
return HttpResponse(response, content_type="text/plain; charset=utf-8")
return JsonResponse(instance_keys, safe=False)
def get_safe_redirect(request, default=None):
return redirect(same_origin_referer(request, default or reverse("instances:index")))
def _is_int(value):
try:
int(value)
except (TypeError, ValueError):
return False
return True
def _back(request, pk, tab):
"""Back to the page the form was on, at the given tab; the VM page if
the Referer is missing or from another site."""
return redirect(same_origin_referer(request, reverse("instances:instance", args=[pk])) + "#" + tab)
def get_instance(user, pk, perm_type="view"):
"""
Check that instance is available for user, if not raise 404 or PermissionDenied.
perm_type:
- 'view': superuser, has_perm("instances.view_instances"), or UserInstance owner
- 'power': superuser or UserInstance owner
- 'change': superuser or (UserInstance owner and is_change)
- 'delete': superuser or (UserInstance owner and is_delete)
A template is changed or deleted only by superusers and staff owners.
"""
valid_perms = {"view", "power", "change", "delete"}
if perm_type not in valid_perms:
raise PermissionDenied
instance = get_object_or_404(Instance, pk=pk)
user_instances = user.userinstance_set.filter(instance=instance)
has_owner_rel = user_instances.exists()
if not (
user.is_superuser
or user.has_perm("instances.view_instances")
or has_owner_rel
):
raise Http404()
if user.is_superuser or perm_type == "view":
return instance
user_inst = user_instances.first()
if perm_type == "power":
if not has_owner_rel:
raise PermissionDenied
elif perm_type == "change":
# A template is changed only by superusers (above) and staff owners
if not (user_inst and user_inst.is_change) or (instance.is_template and not user.is_staff):
raise PermissionDenied
elif perm_type == "delete":
if not (user_inst and user_inst.is_delete) or (instance.is_template and not user.is_staff):
raise PermissionDenied
else:
raise PermissionDenied
return instance
def _power_instance(user, pk):
"""The VM to power on, off or cycle: a VM an administrator paused stays
paused until an administrator resumes it."""
instance = get_instance(user, pk, perm_type="power")
if not user.is_superuser and instance.proxy.get_status() == VIR_DOMAIN_PAUSED:
raise PermissionDenied
return instance
def from_script(request):
"""A form a page's script sends and answers itself: the create page's
flavor forms (it swaps in the reply), the XML editor's dialog (JSON)."""
return request.headers.get("X-Requested-With") == "XMLHttpRequest"
def _busy(request, pk, busy):
if hasattr(request, "accepted_renderer") or from_script(request):
blocker = busy.blocker
return JsonResponse({"detail": busy_message(busy, request.user),
"operation": summary(blocker, request.user) if blocker else None}, status=409)
messages.error(request, busy_message(busy, request.user))
return get_safe_redirect(request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[pk]))
def _moved(request, pk):
if hasattr(request, "accepted_renderer") or from_script(request):
return JsonResponse({"detail": "The VM was moved meanwhile; try again."}, status=409)
messages.error(request, _("The VM was moved meanwhile; try again."))
return get_safe_redirect(request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[pk]))
def _moved_meanwhile(pk, inst):
"""A migration may have moved the VM before the request took its
compute's claim: the claim held is then the old compute's. The retry locks
the new one (or finds the record merged away)."""
return not Instance.objects.filter(pk=pk, compute_id=inst.compute_id).exists()
def serialize_instance_mutation(func):
"""Serialize one VM, after checking visibility, without blocking sibling VMs."""
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(request, pk, *args, **kwargs):
inst = get_instance(request.user, pk)
try:
with libvirt_instance_lock(inst):
if _moved_meanwhile(pk, inst):
return _moved(request, pk)
return func(request, pk, *args, **kwargs)
except claims.Busy as busy:
return _busy(request, pk, busy)
return wrapper
def quota_refused(quota, text, **values):
"""The message for a change the quota refuses: text names the change
after %(quota)s, the quota it would exceed."""
if quota == utils.QUOTA_UNVERIFIED:
return _(utils.QUOTA_UNVERIFIED_TEXT)
return util.render(text, {"quota": utils.quota_message(quota), **values}, _)
def serialize_user_quota(func):
"""Outermost lock for quota-checked changes: concurrent requests of one
user (also on different computes) must not pass the check together."""
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(request, pk, *args, **kwargs):
if request.user.is_superuser: # quotas do not apply
return func(request, pk, *args, **kwargs)
try:
with user_quota_lock(request.user):
return func(request, pk, *args, **kwargs)
except claims.Busy as busy:
return _busy(request, pk, busy)
return wrapper
def serialize_compute_mutation(func):
"""Hold the whole compute: disk deletions must not race another VM attaching that disk."""
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(request, pk, *args, **kwargs):
inst = get_instance(request.user, pk)
if request.method in ("GET", "HEAD"): # e.g. the destroy confirmation page
return func(request, pk, *args, **kwargs)
try:
with libvirt_compute_lock(inst.compute):
if _moved_meanwhile(pk, inst):
return _moved(request, pk)
return func(request, pk, *args, **kwargs)
except claims.Busy as busy:
return _busy(request, pk, busy)
return wrapper
DISK_FORMAT_RE = re.compile(r"^[a-z0-9]+$")
DISK_SERIAL_RE = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9_.+-]*$")
VOLUME_NAME_RE = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_.+-]*$")
def invalid_disk_options(
instance,
bus=None,
cache=None,
io=None,
discard=None,
zeroes=None,
format=None,
serial=None,
):
"""
Return the names of the given disk options whose values are not allowed.
These values end up in libvirt disk XML, so they must come from the
hypervisor's own lists (or match a strict pattern). None means "not given".
"""
proxy = instance.proxy
checks = {
"bus": (
bus,
lambda v: v in proxy.get_disk_bus_types(instance.arch, instance.machine),
),
"cache": (cache, lambda v: v in proxy.get_cache_modes()),
"io": (io, lambda v: v in proxy.get_io_modes()),
"discard": (discard, lambda v: v in proxy.get_discard_modes()),
"detect_zeroes": (zeroes, lambda v: v in proxy.get_detect_zeroes_modes()),
"format": (format, lambda v: bool(DISK_FORMAT_RE.fullmatch(v))),
"serial": (serial, lambda v: bool(DISK_SERIAL_RE.fullmatch(v))),
}
return [
name
for name, (value, is_valid) in checks.items()
if value is not None and not is_valid(value)
]
# libvirt's words when a running q35 VM has no free root port for a PCIe device
PCI_SLOTS_FULL = "No more available PCI slots"
# a disk on the scsi bus needs no slot of its own when the VM already has a SCSI controller
DISK_NO_PCI_SLOT = gettext_lazy("The running VM has no free PCI slot for another disk on this bus: choose the scsi bus "
"if the VM has a SCSI controller, or shut the VM down and add the disk then; Add PCIe slots "
"on the Disks tab gives it free ones from its next start. A new volume stays in its pool, "
"to attach as an existing volume.")
SCSI_NO_PCI_SLOT = gettext_lazy("The running VM has no free PCI slot for the SCSI controller the disk needs: shut the VM "
"down and add the disk then; Add PCIe slots on the Disks tab gives it free ones from its next "
"start. A new volume stays in its pool, to attach as an existing volume.")
def no_pci_slot(request, err, advice):
"""True, with advice shown, when libvirt refused a running VM's new device
for want of a PCI slot: q35 gives each PCIe device a root port of its own
and a running VM gets no new one."""
if PCI_SLOTS_FULL not in str(err):
return False
messages.error(request, advice)
return True
def reject_disk_options(request, pk, invalid):
messages.error(
request,
_("Invalid disk options: %(options)s") % {"options": ", ".join(invalid)},
)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def poweron(request, pk):
instance = _power_instance(request.user, pk)
if instance.is_template:
messages.warning(request, _("Templates cannot be started."))
else:
with audit_vm(request, instance, "power on"):
instance.proxy.start()
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id])
)
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def powercycle(request, pk):
instance = _power_instance(request.user, pk)
if instance.is_template:
messages.warning(request, _("Templates cannot be started."))
else:
with audit_vm(request, instance, "power cycle"):
instance.proxy.force_shutdown()
instance.proxy.start()
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id])
)
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def poweroff(request, pk):
instance = _power_instance(request.user, pk)
with audit_vm(request, instance, "power off"):
instance.proxy.shutdown()
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id])
)
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def suspend(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
with audit_vm(request, instance, "suspend"):
instance.proxy.suspend()
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id])
)
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def resume(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
with audit_vm(request, instance, "resume"):
instance.proxy.resume()
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id])
)
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def force_off(request, pk):
instance = _power_instance(request.user, pk)
with audit_vm(request, instance, "force off"):
instance.proxy.force_shutdown()
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id])
)
@serialize_compute_mutation
def destroy(request, pk):
if request.method in ["POST", "DELETE"]:
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="delete")
# an API request is a DRF request whose body is in .data; refused
# options stop nothing
options = DestroyOptionsSerializer(data=getattr(request, "data", request.POST))
options.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
with libvirt_instance_lock(instance):
with audit_vm(request, instance, "delete"):
proxy = instance.proxy
# the files to delete are known before the VM is stopped: a
# host that cannot be checked refuses the destruction
to_delete, shared = [], []
if options.validated_data["delete_disk"]:
to_delete, shared = proxy.split_disk_paths_by_use(
lambda own: utils.paths_used_on_other_computes(instance.compute, own))
# Paused and other active states must stop too, or the VM keeps
# running as a transient domain after the undefine.
if proxy.instance.isActive():
proxy.force_shutdown()
# Undefine before deleting any disk: if it fails, nothing is lost.
# Snapshot metadata goes with the domain; internal snapshot data
# stays in the disk images that are kept.
flags = VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_MANAGED_SAVE | VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_SNAPSHOTS_METADATA
if options.validated_data["delete_nvram"]:
flags |= VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_NVRAM
else:
flags |= VIR_DOMAIN_UNDEFINE_KEEP_NVRAM
proxy.delete(flags)
instance.delete()
# each disk has its own row: the VM is gone even if one is kept; a
# file that stays keeps the files below it, which it needs
kept = set()
for path in to_delete:
if path in kept:
messages.warning(request, _("Disk %(path)s was kept: a disk file that stays needs it") % {"path": path})
continue
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"delete volume {path}"):
proxy.get_volume_by_path(path).delete(0)
except libvirtError as err:
messages.error(request, _("The VM is removed, but disk %(path)s was not deleted: %(err)s") % {
"path": path, "err": error_text(request, err)})
try:
while (path := proxy.backing_path(path)) and path not in kept:
kept.add(path)
except libvirtError:
# the files it needs are unknown: none of the rest goes
kept.update(to_delete)
for path in shared:
messages.warning(request, _("Disk %(path)s is used by another VM and was kept") % {"path": path})
return redirect(reverse("instances:index"))
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="delete")
try:
userinstance = instance.userinstance_set.get(user=request.user)
except UserInstance.DoesNotExist:
userinstance = UserInstance(
is_delete=request.user.is_superuser
)
return render(
request,
"instances/destroy_instance_form.html",
{
"instance": instance,
"userinstance": userinstance,
# get_instance(perm_type="delete") above already refused the rest
"can_delete": True,
},
)
@require_POST
@superuser_only
def migrate(request, pk):
get_instance(request.user, pk)
compute_id = request.POST.get("compute_id", "")
if not compute_id.isdigit():
raise Http404
target_host = get_object_or_404(Compute, pk=compute_id)
raw = {"instance": pk, "target": target_host.pk, "live": request.POST.get("live_migrate"),
"unsafe": request.POST.get("unsafe_migrate"),
"autoconverge": request.POST.get("autoconverge"), "compress": request.POST.get("compress"),
"delete_source": request.POST.get("delete_source"),
"disk_pools": {key.removeprefix("pool-"): value for key, value in request.POST.items()
if key.startswith("pool-")}}
try:
op = jobs.submit("instance.migrate", request.user, raw, request.POST.get("submission_key", ""))
except claims.Busy as busy:
return _busy(request, pk, busy)
except (jobs.SubmissionConflict, libvirtError) as err:
messages.error(request, error_text(request, err))
else:
jobs.remember_job(request, op)
return get_safe_redirect(request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[pk]))
@require_POST
@superuser_only
def move_disk(request, pk):
get_instance(request.user, pk)
raw = {"instance": pk, "dev": request.POST.get("dev", ""), "pool": request.POST.get("pool", "")}
try:
op = jobs.submit("disk.move", request.user, raw, request.POST.get("submission_key", ""))
except claims.Busy as busy:
return _busy(request, pk, busy)
except (jobs.SubmissionConflict, libvirtError) as err:
messages.error(request, error_text(request, err))
else:
jobs.remember_job(request, op)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@superuser_only
def migrate_targets(request, pk):
"""The Migrate tab's destinations that cannot be chosen, {id: why}: one
that cannot be reached, or the VM's own host under another record.
Loaded when the tab opens, so the page does not wait for the hosts."""
from instances.jobs import migration_target
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
refused = {}
for target in Compute.objects.exclude(pk=instance.compute_id):
try:
migration_target(instance, target.pk)
except libvirtError as err:
refused[target.pk] = error_text(request, err)
return JsonResponse(refused)
@superuser_only
def migrate_plan(request, pk):
"""The disks of the Migrate tab for the chosen destination, loaded when
one is chosen: each with the pools of the destination it can be copied
into, or the storage both hosts share."""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
compute_id = request.GET.get("compute_id", "")
if not compute_id.isdigit():
raise Http404
target = get_object_or_404(Compute, pk=compute_id)
dest = None
try:
dest = wvmInstances(target.hostname, target.login, target.password, target.type)
pools = [{"name": name, "free": pool.info()[3]} for name, (pool, directory) in sorted(dest.file_pools().items())]
domain = instance.proxy.instance
disks, pending = dest.migration_plan(instance.proxy, domain.XMLDesc(0), domain.XMLDesc(VIR_DOMAIN_XML_INACTIVE))
context = {"disks": disks, "pending": pending, "pools": pools, "shut_off": instance.proxy.get_status() == 5}
except libvirtError as err:
context = {"error": error_text(request, err)}
finally:
if dest is not None:
dest.close()
return render(request, "instances/migrate_plan.html", context)
GSTFSD_PORT = 16510
GSTFSD_TIMEOUT = 120 # gstfsd answers within its 100 s limit for a request (GSTFSD_DEADLINE)
GSTFSD_MAX_FRAME = 64 * 1024 # a challenge or a reply of gstfsd is far shorter
def gstfsd_mac(key, kind, challenge, nonce, payload):
"""The HMAC-SHA256 gstfsd signs and checks with (see conf/daemon/gstfsd)."""
message = "\n".join(("gstfsd-v1", kind, challenge, nonce, payload)).encode()
return hmac.new(bytes.fromhex(key), message, hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()
def gstfsd_request(compute, data):
"""Send one request to the compute's gstfsd, signed with its key, and
return the reply gstfsd signed for it; an error reply or a failed or
unsigned exchange raises OperationError with the reason."""
if not compute.gstfsd_key:
raise util.OperationError(_("Set the gstfsd key of %(compute)s first (Computes, edit the host)") % {
"compute": compute.name})
try:
# the host name may resolve to IPv4 or IPv6
s = socket.create_connection((compute.hostname, GSTFSD_PORT), timeout=GSTFSD_TIMEOUT)
except OSError as err:
raise util.OperationError(_("gstfsd error: %(err)s") % {"err": err}) from err
try:
stream = s.makefile("rb")
challenge = json.loads(stream.readline(GSTFSD_MAX_FRAME))["challenge"]
nonce, request = secrets.token_hex(32), json.dumps(data)
s.sendall(json.dumps({"nonce": nonce, "request": request,
"mac": gstfsd_mac(compute.gstfsd_key, "request", challenge, nonce, request)}).encode())
# gstfsd sends one reply and closes the connection
answer = stream.read(GSTFSD_MAX_FRAME + 1)
if len(answer) > GSTFSD_MAX_FRAME:
raise ValueError("the reply is too long")
frame = json.loads(answer)
reply = json.loads(frame["reply"])
except (OSError, ValueError, KeyError, TypeError) as err:
raise util.OperationError(_("gstfsd error: %(err)s") % {"err": err}) from err
finally:
s.close()
given = frame.get("mac")
if not (isinstance(given, str) and re.fullmatch(r"[0-9a-f]{64}", given) and hmac.compare_digest(
given, gstfsd_mac(compute.gstfsd_key, "reply", challenge, nonce, frame["reply"]))):
# gstfsd refused the request (a wrong key): its error says so; any
# other reply that is not signed is no answer of gstfsd
refused = isinstance(reply, dict) and reply.get("return") == "error"
raise util.OperationError(_("gstfsd error: %(err)s") % {
"err": reply.get("message") if refused else _("the reply is not signed with the key")})
if reply["return"] != "success":
raise util.OperationError(reply["message"])
return reply
# root password and SSH key: gstfsd changes a shut-off VM's disk, the QEMU
# guest agent a running VM
AGENT_OR_SHUT_OFF = gettext_lazy("Shut the VM down, or start its QEMU guest agent, and try again")
# libvirt's value; bindings built against older libvirt (Ubuntu 24.04's) lack
# the name, and the code comes from the host's libvirtd
VIR_ERR_AGENT_COMMAND_TIMEOUT = 112
def access_error(request, err):
"""The error of a root password or SSH key change. A command that timed
out was sent to the agent, which still runs it when it answers again."""
text = error_text(request, err)
if isinstance(err, libvirtError) and err.get_error_code() == VIR_ERR_AGENT_COMMAND_TIMEOUT:
text += " " + _("The change may still be made when the agent answers again.")
return text
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_root_pass(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
if request.method == "POST":
passwd = request.POST.get("passwd", None)
if passwd:
passwd_hash = crypt.crypt(passwd, crypt.mksalt(crypt.METHOD_SHA512))
# gstfsd opens the domain by name: send the host's current one.
data = {"action": "password", "passwd": passwd_hash, "vname": instance.proxy.instance.name()}
status = instance.proxy.get_status()
if status == 5 or (status == 1 and instance.guest_agent_ready):
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, "reset root password"):
if status == 5:
gstfsd_request(instance.compute, data)
else:
instance.proxy.set_user_password("root", passwd_hash)
except (util.OperationError, libvirtError) as err:
messages.error(request, access_error(request, err))
else:
messages.success(request, _("Reset root password"))
else:
messages.error(request, AGENT_OR_SHUT_OFF)
else:
messages.error(request, _("Enter a password"))
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#access"
)
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def add_public_key(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
if request.method == "POST":
sshkeyid = request.POST.get("sshkeyid", "")
if not _is_int(sshkeyid):
messages.error(request, _("Select an SSH public key"))
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#access"
)
publickey = get_object_or_404(UserSSHKey, id=sshkeyid, user=request.user)
data = {
"action": "publickey",
"key": publickey.keypublic,
"vname": instance.proxy.instance.name(),
}
status = instance.proxy.get_status()
if status == 5 or (status == 1 and instance.guest_agent_ready):
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"install SSH key {publickey.keyname}"):
if status == 5:
gstfsd_request(instance.compute, data)
else:
instance.proxy.add_authorized_key("root", publickey.keypublic)
except (util.OperationError, libvirtError) as err:
messages.error(request, access_error(request, err))
else:
messages.success(request, _("Installed new SSH public key %(keyname)s") % {
"keyname": publickey.keyname
})
else:
messages.error(request, AGENT_OR_SHUT_OFF)
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#access"
)
@require_POST
@serialize_user_quota
@serialize_instance_mutation
def resizevm_cpu(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
vcpu = instance.proxy.get_vcpu()
new_vcpu = request.POST.get("vcpu", "")
new_cur_vcpu = request.POST.get("cur_vcpu", "")
if not _is_int(new_vcpu) or not _is_int(new_cur_vcpu) or int(new_cur_vcpu) < 1:
messages.error(request, _("Enter a whole number of vCPUs"))
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resize")
# a running VM would get them only at its next start, past the quota counted now
if instance.proxy.instance.isActive():
messages.error(request, _("Shut off the VM to change its vCPUs"))
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resize")
if int(new_cur_vcpu) > int(new_vcpu):
messages.error(request, _("The current vCPUs cannot be more than the maximum"))
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resize")
quota_msg = utils.check_user_quota(
request.user, 0, int(new_vcpu) - vcpu, 0, 0
)
if not request.user.is_superuser and quota_msg:
msg = quota_refused(quota_msg, gettext_noop("%(quota)s: cannot resize the CPU of '%(instance_name)s'."),
instance_name=instance.name)
messages.error(request, msg)
else:
cur_vcpu = new_cur_vcpu
vcpu = new_vcpu
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"set vCPUs to {cur_vcpu} (maximum {vcpu})"):
instance.proxy.resize_cpu(cur_vcpu, vcpu)
messages.success(request, _("vCPUs set to %(cur)s (maximum %(max)s)") % {"cur": cur_vcpu, "max": vcpu})
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resize")
@require_POST
@serialize_user_quota
@serialize_instance_mutation
def resize_memory(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
memory = instance.proxy.get_memory()
new_memory = request.POST.get("memory", "")
new_cur_memory = request.POST.get("cur_memory", "")
# The quota charges the maximum. An active VM keeps it (resize_mem changes
# only the current memory there); pass the current maximum, so a VM that
# shuts down meanwhile does not get an unchecked one.
if instance.proxy.instance.isActive():
new_memory = memory
if not _is_int(new_memory) or not _is_int(new_cur_memory) or int(new_cur_memory) < 1:
messages.error(request, _("Enter a whole number for memory"))
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resizevm_mem")
if int(new_cur_memory) > int(new_memory):
messages.error(request, _("The current memory cannot be more than the maximum"))
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resizevm_mem")
quota_msg = utils.check_user_quota(request.user, 0, 0, int(new_memory) - memory, 0)
if not request.user.is_superuser and quota_msg:
msg = quota_refused(quota_msg, gettext_noop("%(quota)s: cannot resize the memory of '%(instance_name)s'."),
instance_name=instance.name)
messages.error(request, msg)
else:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"set memory to {new_cur_memory} MiB (maximum {new_memory} MiB)"):
instance.proxy.resize_mem(new_cur_memory, new_memory)
messages.success(request, _("Memory set to %(cur)s MiB (maximum %(max)s MiB)") % {
"cur": new_cur_memory, "max": new_memory})
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resizevm_mem")
@require_POST
@serialize_user_quota
@serialize_instance_mutation
def resize_disk(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
disks = instance.proxy.get_disk_devices()
disks_new = list()
for disk in disks:
# an empty field leaves the disk as it is; a disk outside a pool has no size and no field
size = request.POST.get("disk_size_" + disk["dev"], "")
if not size or disk["size"] is None:
continue
if not _is_int(size):
messages.error(request, _("Enter disk sizes as whole GiB"))
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resizevm_disk")
# a disk does not shrink: one smaller size refuses them all
if int(size) << 30 < disk["size"]:
messages.error(request, _("%(dev)s is %(size)s: a disk cannot shrink") % {
"dev": disk["dev"], "size": filesizeformat(disk["size"])})
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resizevm_disk")
if int(size) << 30 > disk["size"]:
disk["size_new"] = int(size) << 30
disks_new.append(disk)
if not disks_new:
messages.warning(request, _("No disks were selected or valid for resizing."))
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resizevm_disk")
disk_sum = sum([disk["size"] >> 30 for disk in disks_new])
disk_new_sum = sum([disk["size_new"] >> 30 for disk in disks_new])
quota_msg = utils.check_user_quota(
request.user, 0, 0, 0, disk_new_sum - disk_sum
)
if not request.user.is_superuser and quota_msg:
msg = quota_refused(quota_msg, gettext_noop("%(quota)s: cannot resize the disks of '%(instance_name)s'."),
instance_name=instance.name)
messages.error(request, msg)
else:
for disk in disks_new:
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"resize disk {disk['dev']} to {disk['size_new'] >> 30} GiB"):
instance.proxy.resize_disk([disk])
except libvirtError as err:
# an LVM pool, for one, cannot resize its volumes
if err.get_error_code() != VIR_ERR_NO_SUPPORT:
raise
messages.error(request, _("The storage pool of %(dev)s cannot resize its volumes") % {"dev": disk["dev"]})
continue
messages.success(request, _("Disk is resized: %(dev)s") % {"dev": disk["dev"]})
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#resize")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def add_new_vol(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
storage = request.POST.get("storage", "")
name = request.POST.get("name", "")
format = request.POST.get("format", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_FORMAT)
size = request.POST.get("size", 0)
meta_prealloc = True if request.POST.get("meta_prealloc", False) else False
bus = request.POST.get("bus", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_BUS)
cache = request.POST.get("cache", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_CACHE)
invalid = invalid_disk_options(instance, bus=bus, cache=cache, format=format)
if not VOLUME_NAME_RE.fullmatch(name):
invalid.append("name")
if invalid:
return reject_disk_options(request, pk, invalid)
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"attach new disk {storage}/{name}"):
conn_create = wvmCreate(
instance.compute.hostname,
instance.compute.login,
instance.compute.password,
instance.compute.type,
)
# a name either definition uses is taken: on an active VM a disk can be
# pending in the persistent one only
target_dev = utils.get_new_disk_dev(
instance.media + instance.config_media, instance.disks + instance.config_disks, bus
)
source = conn_create.create_volume(
storage,
name,
size,
format,
meta_prealloc,
int(app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_OWNER_UID),
int(app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_OWNER_GID),
)
conn_pool = wvmStorage(
instance.compute.hostname,
instance.compute.login,
instance.compute.password,
instance.compute.type,
storage,
)
pool_type = conn_pool.get_type()
disk_type = conn_pool.get_volume_type(os.path.basename(source))
# the pool decides: only a dir pool keeps the asked format, the others create raw
format = util.vol_driver_type(conn_pool.get_volume_format_type(os.path.basename(source)), pool_type)
if pool_type == "rbd":
source_info = conn_pool.get_rbd_source()
else: # add more disk types to handle different pool and disk types
source_info = None
instance.proxy.attach_disk(
target_dev,
source,
source_info=source_info,
pool_type=pool_type,
disk_type=disk_type,
target_bus=bus,
format_type=format,
cache_mode=cache,
)
except libvirtError as err:
# the new volume stays in the pool, to attach from Existing volume: it is never deleted unasked
if not no_pci_slot(request, err, SCSI_NO_PCI_SLOT if bus == "scsi" else DISK_NO_PCI_SLOT):
raise
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
# the PCIe slots the Add slots button adds at a time
PCIE_SLOTS_ADDED = 4
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def add_pcie_slots(request, pk):
"""Free PCIe slots for devices added later: a running VM gets them at its next start."""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
if instance.pcie_slots is None:
messages.error(request, _("The VM's machine has no PCIe slots to add"))
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"add {PCIE_SLOTS_ADDED} PCIe slots"):
instance.proxy.add_pcie_slots(PCIE_SLOTS_ADDED)
if instance.proxy.get_status() == 5:
messages.success(request, _("%(count)s PCIe slots added") % {"count": PCIE_SLOTS_ADDED})
else:
messages.success(request, _("%(count)s PCIe slots added: the VM gets them at its next start")
% {"count": PCIE_SLOTS_ADDED})
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def add_existing_vol(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
storage = request.POST.get("selected_storage", "")
name = request.POST.get("vols", "")
bus = request.POST.get("bus", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_BUS)
cache = request.POST.get("cache", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_CACHE)
invalid = invalid_disk_options(instance, bus=bus, cache=cache)
if invalid:
return reject_disk_options(request, pk, invalid)
conn_create = wvmStorage(
instance.compute.hostname,
instance.compute.login,
instance.compute.password,
instance.compute.type,
storage,
)
# Only volumes that really exist in the selected pool; this also rules
# out path traversal through the volume name.
if name not in conn_create.get_volumes():
return reject_disk_options(request, pk, ["vols"])
pool_type = conn_create.get_type()
format_type = util.vol_driver_type(conn_create.get_volume_format_type(name), pool_type)
disk_type = conn_create.get_volume_type(name)
if pool_type == "rbd":
source_info = conn_create.get_rbd_source()
path = conn_create.get_source_name()
source = f"{path}/{name}"
else:
source_info = None
# an iSCSI volume's path is not the pool target plus its name
source = conn_create.get_volume(name).path()
target_dev = utils.get_new_disk_dev(
instance.media + instance.config_media, instance.disks + instance.config_disks, bus
)
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"attach disk {storage}/{name} as {target_dev}"):
instance.proxy.attach_disk(
target_dev,
source,
source_info=source_info,
pool_type=pool_type,
disk_type=disk_type,
target_bus=bus,
format_type=format_type,
cache_mode=cache,
)
except libvirtError as err:
if not no_pci_slot(request, err, SCSI_NO_PCI_SLOT if bus == "scsi" else DISK_NO_PCI_SLOT):
raise
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def edit_volume(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
if "edit_volume" in request.POST:
target_dev = request.POST.get("dev", "")
new_path = request.POST.get("vol_path", "")
shareable = bool(request.POST.get("vol_shareable", False))
readonly = bool(request.POST.get("vol_readonly", False))
disks = instance.proxy.get_disk_devices(config=True)
current = next((disk for disk in disks if disk["dev"] == target_dev), {})
new_bus = request.POST.get("vol_bus", current.get("bus"))
serial = request.POST.get("vol_serial", "")
format = request.POST.get("vol_format", "")
cache = request.POST.get(
"vol_cache", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_CACHE
)
io = request.POST.get("vol_io_mode", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_IO)
discard = request.POST.get(
"vol_discard_mode", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_DISCARD
)
zeroes = request.POST.get(
"vol_detect_zeroes", app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_DETECT_ZEROES
)
# The form shows "None" (or nothing) for a disk without driver type.
if format in ("", "None"):
format = current.get("format") or ""
invalid = invalid_disk_options(
instance,
bus=new_bus,
cache=cache,
io=io,
discard=discard,
zeroes=zeroes,
# "": the disk has no driver type and keeps having none.
format=format or None,
serial=serial,
)
if not current:
invalid.append("dev")
if invalid:
return reject_disk_options(request, pk, invalid)
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"edit disk {target_dev}"):
instance.proxy.edit_disk(
target_dev,
new_path,
readonly,
shareable,
new_bus,
serial,
format,
cache,
io,
discard,
zeroes,
)
if not instance.proxy.get_status() == 5:
messages.success(
request,
_(
"Volume changes are applied. "
+ "But it will be activated after shutdown"
),
)
else:
messages.success(request, _("Volume is changed successfully."))
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_compute_mutation
def delete_vol(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
dev = request.POST.get("dev", "")
# Resolve the volume from the VM's own XML; never trust the posted
# storage/name, which could point at any volume on the compute.
disk = next((d for d in instance.disks if d["dev"] == dev), None)
if disk is None or not disk["storage"] or not disk["image"]:
messages.error(
request,
_("Disk %(dev)s is not a storage volume of this instance") % {"dev": dev},
)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
# the page lists the persistent disks: delete only a volume both definitions use there
if not any(d["dev"] == dev and d["path"] == disk["path"] for d in instance.config_disks):
messages.error(
request,
_("Disk %(dev)s has a pending change; delete it once the VM is shut down") % {"dev": dev},
)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
conn_delete = wvmStorage(
instance.compute.hostname,
instance.compute.login,
instance.compute.password,
instance.compute.type,
disk["storage"],
)
if disk["path"] in instance.proxy.paths_used_by_other_domains():
messages.error(
request,
_("Volume %(vol)s is used by another VM; detach it instead") % {"vol": disk["image"]},
)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
volume = f"{disk['storage']}/{disk['image']}"
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"detach disk {dev}"):
instance.proxy.detach_disk(dev)
# Never delete a volume the guest may still be writing to.
if not instance.proxy.wait_disk_detached(dev):
failed_vm(request, instance, f"delete volume {volume}", "the guest has not released the disk")
messages.warning(
request,
_("The guest has not released disk %(dev)s yet; volume %(vol)s was kept. "
"Delete it from the storage pool once the VM is shut down.")
% {"dev": dev, "vol": disk["image"]},
)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"delete volume {volume}"):
conn_delete.del_volume(disk["image"])
except util.OperationError as err: # a file of the VM's own snapshots
messages.warning(
request,
_("Disk %(dev)s was detached, but its volume was kept: %(err)s") % {"dev": dev, "err": err},
)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def detach_vol(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
dev = request.POST.get("dev", "")
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"detach disk {dev}"):
instance.proxy.detach_disk(dev)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def add_cdrom(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
buses = cdrom_bus_choices(instance)
bus = request.POST.get("bus", buses[0] if buses else "")
image = request.POST.get("media", "")
if bus not in buses:
messages.error(request, _("This VM cannot take a CD-ROM on the %(bus)s bus now") % {"bus": bus})
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
if bus == "usb" and not image:
messages.error(request, _("A USB CD-ROM needs an ISO image: libvirt has no empty USB drive"))
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
target = utils.get_new_disk_dev(
instance.media + instance.config_media, instance.disks + instance.config_disks, bus
)
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"add CD-ROM {target}" + (f" with {image}" if image else "")):
instance.proxy.attach_disk(
target,
instance.proxy.get_iso_path(image) if image else "",
disk_device="cdrom",
cache_mode="none",
target_bus=bus,
readonly=True,
)
except (libvirtError, util.OperationError) as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
def cdrom_bus_choices(instance):
"""The buses a CD-ROM can be added on now, the default first. A running VM
takes USB and SCSI drives only; Windows sees USB, SATA and IDE ones
without a driver."""
if instance.status != 5:
order = ("usb", "scsi")
elif instance.machine == "pc":
order = ("ide", "sata", "scsi", "usb")
else:
order = ("sata", "scsi", "usb")
offered = instance.proxy.get_disk_bus_types(instance.arch, instance.machine)
return [bus for bus in order if bus in offered]
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def detach_cdrom(request, pk, dev):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"remove CD-ROM {dev}"):
instance.proxy.detach_disk(dev)
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def unmount_iso(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
dev = request.POST.get("umount_iso", "")
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"eject media from {dev}"):
instance.proxy.umount_iso(dev)
except libvirtError as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return redirect(same_origin_referer(request, reverse("instances:instance", args=[pk])) + "#disks")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def mount_iso(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
image = request.POST.get("media", "")
dev = request.POST.get("mount_iso", "")
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"insert media {image} into {dev}"):
instance.proxy.mount_iso(dev, image)
except libvirtError as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return redirect(same_origin_referer(request, reverse("instances:instance", args=[pk])) + "#disks")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
def refresh_iso(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
for pool, err in instance.proxy.refresh_iso_pools().items():
messages.error(request, _("Pool %(pool)s was not read again: %(err)s") % {"pool": pool, "err": err})
return _back(request, pk, "disks")
@require_POST
def snapshot(request, pk):
return _snapshot_job(request, pk, "snapshot.create",
{"name": request.POST.get("name", ""), "description": request.POST.get("description", "")})
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def delete_snapshot(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
if not request.user.has_perm("instances.snapshot_instances"):
raise PermissionDenied
snap_name = request.POST.get("name", "")
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"delete snapshot {snap_name}"):
instance.proxy.snapshot_delete(snap_name)
except libvirtError as err:
messages.error(request, _("Snapshot was not deleted: %(err)s") % {"err": error_text(request, err)})
return _back(request, pk, "snapshots")
@require_POST
def revert_snapshot(request, pk):
return _snapshot_job(request, pk, "snapshot.revert", {"name": request.POST.get("name", "")})
@require_POST
def create_external_snapshot(request, pk):
return _snapshot_job(request, pk, "snapshot.create",
{"name": request.POST.get("name", ""), "description": request.POST.get("description", ""),
"external": True, "memory": request.POST.get("memory") == "on",
"quiesce": request.POST.get("quiesce") == "on"})
@require_POST
def revert_external_snapshot(request, pk):
return _snapshot_job(request, pk, "snapshot.revert", {"name": request.POST.get("name", ""), "external": True})
def _snapshot_job(request, pk, kind, params):
"""Queue a snapshot job on the VM: the job panel shows it; refusals become messages."""
get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
if not request.user.has_perm("instances.snapshot_instances"):
raise PermissionDenied
try:
op = jobs.submit(kind, request.user, {"instance": pk, **params}, request.POST.get("submission_key", ""))
except claims.Busy as busy:
messages.error(request, busy_message(busy, request.user))
except jobs.SubmissionConflict as err:
messages.error(request, str(err))
except libvirtError as err:
messages.error(request, error_text(request, err))
else:
jobs.remember_job(request, op)
return _back(request, pk, "snapshots")
@require_POST
def delete_external_snapshot(request, pk):
return _snapshot_job(request, pk, "snapshot.delete", {"name": request.POST.get("name", "")})
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_vcpu(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
id = request.POST.get("id", "")
enabled = request.POST.get("set_vcpu", "") == "True"
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"{'enable' if enabled else 'disable'} vCPU {id}"):
instance.proxy.set_vcpu(id, 1 if enabled else 0)
return _back(request, pk, "resize")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_vcpu_hotplug(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
status = True if request.POST.get("vcpu_hotplug", "False") == "True" else False
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"{'enable' if status else 'disable'} vCPU hot-plug"):
instance.proxy.set_vcpu_hotplug(status)
return _back(request, pk, "resize")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_autostart(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
with audit_vm(request, instance, "enable autostart"):
instance.proxy.set_autostart(1)
return _back(request, pk, "boot_opt")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def unset_autostart(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
with audit_vm(request, instance, "disable autostart"):
instance.proxy.set_autostart(0)
return _back(request, pk, "boot_opt")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_bootmenu(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
with audit_vm(request, instance, "enable boot menu"):
instance.proxy.set_bootmenu(1)
return _back(request, pk, "boot_opt")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def unset_bootmenu(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
with audit_vm(request, instance, "disable boot menu"):
instance.proxy.set_bootmenu(0)
return _back(request, pk, "boot_opt")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_bootorder(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
bootorder = request.POST.get("bootorder", "")
if not bootorder:
messages.error(request, _("Add at least one device to the boot order."))
return _back(request, pk, "boot_opt")
order_list = {}
for idx, val in enumerate(bootorder.split(",")):
dev_type, dev = val.split(":", 1)
order_list[idx] = {"type": dev_type, "dev": dev}
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, "change boot order"):
instance.proxy.set_bootorder(order_list)
except util.OperationError as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return _back(request, pk, "boot_opt")
if instance.proxy.get_status() != 5:
messages.success(request, _("Boot order changed. It applies at the next start."))
else:
messages.success(request, _("Boot order changed successfully."))
return _back(request, pk, "boot_opt")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def change_xml(request, pk):
"""
The XML editor's dialog: without confirm, the lines the edited XML changes
in the persistent definition, to review; with confirm, the edited XML is
defined. A running VM uses it at its next start.
Only over the definition the editor was opened with (base), so a change
made since is not overwritten, and only with the VM's UUID, by which
libvirt finds the VM to define. A form posts its line breaks as CRLF. A
refusal comes back to the dialog and the edited XML stays in the editor.
"""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
new_xml = request.POST.get("inst_xml", "").replace("\r\n", "\n")
if not new_xml.strip():
return JsonResponse({"error": _("The XML is empty")}, status=400)
try:
uuid = util.get_xml_path(new_xml, "/domain/uuid")
except util.etree.Error as err:
return JsonResponse({"error": _("The XML is not well-formed: %(error)s") % {"error": err}}, status=400)
if (uuid or "").strip().lower() != instance.uuid:
return JsonResponse({"error": _("The XML must keep the VM's UUID %(uuid)s.") % {"uuid": instance.uuid}},
status=400)
current = instance.inst_xml
if request.POST.get("base", "").replace("\r\n", "\n") != current:
return JsonResponse({"error": _("The definition has changed since the editor was opened. "
"Reload the page to edit the current one.")}, status=409)
if "confirm" not in request.POST:
diff = difflib.unified_diff(current.splitlines(), new_xml.splitlines(), "current", "new", lineterm="")
return JsonResponse({"diff": list(diff)})
shut_off = instance.proxy.get_status() == 5
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, "change XML"):
instance.proxy._defineXML(new_xml)
except libvirtError as err:
return JsonResponse({"error": error_text(request, err)}, status=400)
if shut_off:
messages.success(request, _("The XML definition was saved."))
else:
messages.success(request, _("The XML definition was saved; the VM uses it from its next start."))
return JsonResponse({"saved": True})
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_guest_agent(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
status = request.POST.get("guest_agent")
if status == "True":
with audit_vm(request, instance, "add guest agent channel"):
instance.proxy.add_guest_agent()
if status == "False":
with audit_vm(request, instance, "remove guest agent channel"):
instance.proxy.remove_guest_agent()
return _back(request, pk, "options")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_rng(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
enabled = bool(request.POST.get("rng"))
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, "add RNG device" if enabled else "remove RNG device"):
instance.proxy.set_rng(enabled)
except util.OperationError as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return _back(request, pk, "options")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_tpm(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
enabled = bool(request.POST.get("tpm"))
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, "add TPM" if enabled else "remove TPM"):
instance.proxy.set_tpm(enabled)
except util.OperationError as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return _back(request, pk, "options")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_on_crash(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
action = request.POST.get("on_crash", "")
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"set crash action {action}"):
instance.proxy.set_on_crash(action)
except util.OperationError as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return _back(request, pk, "options")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_video_model(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
video_model = request.POST.get("video_model", "vga")
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"set video model {video_model}"):
instance.proxy.set_video_model(video_model)
return _back(request, pk, "options")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def change_network(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
back = same_origin_referer(request, reverse("instances:instance", args=[pk])) + "#network"
# Each NIC has its own form; its fields end with that NIC's index.
nums = [key[len("net-old-mac-"):] for key in request.POST if key.startswith("net-old-mac-")]
if len(nums) != 1:
messages.error(request, _("Select one network interface to change"))
return redirect(back)
num = nums[0]
old_mac = request.POST[f"net-old-mac-{num}"]
mac = request.POST.get(f"net-mac-{num}", "").strip() or old_mac
try:
util.validate_macaddr(mac)
except ValueError as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return redirect(back)
# no source: the NIC keeps the one it has, which the host's lists may not show
raw_source = request.POST.get(f"net-source-{num}", "")
(source, source_type) = utils.get_network_tuple(raw_source) if raw_source else (None, None)
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"change interface {old_mac}"):
if source_type == "iface":
iface = wvmInterface(
instance.compute.hostname,
instance.compute.login,
instance.compute.password,
instance.compute.type,
source,
)
source_type = iface.get_type()
instance.proxy.change_network(
old_mac,
mac,
source,
source_type,
request.POST.get(f"net-model-{num}"),
request.POST.get(f"net-nwfilter-{num}", ""),
)
except libvirtError as err:
messages.error(request, err)
return redirect(back)
if instance.proxy.get_status() != 5:
messages.success(request, _("Network Device Config is changed. Please shutdown instance to activate."))
else:
messages.success(request, _("Network device changed"))
return redirect(back)
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def add_network(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
network = request.POST.get("add-net-network")
if not network:
messages.error(request, _("No network selected"))
return _back(request, pk, "network")
mac = request.POST.get("add-net-mac")
nwfilter = request.POST.get("add-net-nwfilter")
(source, source_type) = utils.get_network_tuple(network)
model = request.POST.get("add-net-model")
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"add interface on {source}"):
if source_type == "iface":
iface = wvmInterface(
instance.compute.hostname,
instance.compute.login,
instance.compute.password,
instance.compute.type,
source,
)
source_type = iface.get_type()
instance.proxy.add_network(mac, source, source_type, model=model, nwfilter=nwfilter)
except libvirtError as err:
if not no_pci_slot(request, err, _("The running VM has no free PCI slot for another network device: "
"shut it down and add the device then; Add PCIe slots on the Disks "
"tab gives it free ones from its next start.")):
raise
return _back(request, pk, "network")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def delete_network(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
mac_address = request.POST.get("delete_network", "")
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"remove interface {mac_address}"):
instance.proxy.delete_network(mac_address)
return _back(request, pk, "network")
def _host_devices(instance):
"""The host's PCI and USB devices, each with why it cannot be given to
the VM (pci_problems, hostdev_problems; none: it can). A USB device is
named by its address when the host has more than one of its model, else
by model; a PCI device is checked alone on a running VM, as it is
hot-plugged, and with the managed PCI devices of the VM's next start on
a shut-off one, as libvirt takes them from the host along with it."""
pci, usb = node_devices(instance.proxy)
own_pci = instance.proxy.get_hostdevs()[1]
# libvirt takes a hot-plugged device alone from the host, and a group's managed devices as the VM starts
if instance.proxy.instance.isActive():
managed = set()
else:
managed = {row["address"] for row in own_pci if row["managed"] and row["next"]}
by_address = {device["address"]: device for device in pci}
# the problems in the page's language (vrtManager.nodedevs gives messages)
def shown(problems):
return [util.render(m["text"], m["values"], _) for m in problems]
for device in pci:
device["problems"] = shown(pci_problems(instance.name, device, by_address, managed | {device["address"]}))
if device["address"] in {row["address"] for row in own_pci}:
device["problems"].append(_("The VM has it"))
for device in usb:
address = (device["bus"], device["device"]) if device["same_model"] else None
device["selector"] = (*device["model"], address)
device["problems"] = shown(hostdev_problems(instance.name, pci, [device], set(), [device["selector"]]))
if instance.name in device["vms"]:
device["problems"].append(_("The VM has it"))
return pci, usb
@superuser_only
def host_devices(request, pk):
"""The add forms of the Host devices tab, loaded when the tab opens:
their choices scan every VM of the host."""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
try:
pci, usb = _host_devices(instance)
domain = instance.proxy.instance
state = domain.info()[0]
context = {"instance": instance, "host_pci": pci, "host_usb": usb, "running": state == VIR_DOMAIN_RUNNING,
# paused, or with a saved state the VM would start from without the change
"pci_frozen": state not in (VIR_DOMAIN_RUNNING, VIR_DOMAIN_SHUTOFF) or domain.hasManagedSaveImage(0)}
except libvirtError as err:
context = {"instance": instance, "error": err}
return render(request, "instances/host_devices_form.html", context)
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_compute_mutation
def add_usb_hostdev(request, pk):
"""Gives the VM a USB device of its host; checked under the compute's
claim, so no other VM gets it meanwhile."""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
chosen = request.POST.get("usb_device", "")
device = next((d for d in _host_devices(instance)[1] if f"{d['bus']}/{d['device']}" == chosen), None)
if device is None:
messages.error(request, _("The host has no USB device %(device)s") % {"device": chosen})
elif device["problems"]:
messages.error(request, "; ".join(device["problems"]))
else:
vendor, product, address = device["selector"]
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"add USB device {device['ids']} ({device['product']})"):
instance.proxy.add_usb_hostdev(vendor, product, address)
return _back(request, pk, "hostdevs")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_compute_mutation
def add_pci_hostdev(request, pk):
"""Gives the VM a PCI device of its host, hot-plugged while it runs;
checked under the compute's claim, so no other VM gets it or its IOMMU
group meanwhile."""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
chosen = request.POST.get("pci_device", "")
device = next((d for d in _host_devices(instance)[0] if d["address"] == chosen), None)
if device is None:
messages.error(request, _("The host has no PCI device %(device)s") % {"device": chosen})
elif device["problems"]:
messages.error(request, "; ".join(device["problems"]))
else:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"add PCI device {device['address']} ({device['product']})"):
instance.proxy.add_pci_hostdev(device["address"])
return _back(request, pk, "hostdevs")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def delete_pci_hostdev(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
address = request.POST.get("address", "")
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"remove PCI device {address}") as entry:
if instance.proxy.delete_pci_hostdev(address):
entry.action = f"request the removal of PCI device {address}"
messages.warning(request, _("Removal of PCI device %(address)s requested: the guest has not let it go yet; "
"it stays in the running VM until it does or the VM stops.") % {"address": address})
return _back(request, pk, "hostdevs")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def delete_usb_hostdev(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
vendor, product = request.POST.get("vendor", ""), request.POST.get("product", "")
bus, _sep, device = request.POST.get("address", "").partition("/")
address = (int(bus), int(device)) if bus.isdigit() and device.isdigit() else None
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"remove USB device {vendor[2:]}:{product[2:]}"):
instance.proxy.delete_usb_hostdev((vendor, product, address))
return _back(request, pk, "hostdevs")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_link_state(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
mac_address = request.POST.get("mac", "")
state = request.POST.get("set_link_state")
state = "down" if state == "up" else "up"
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"set link {state} on interface {mac_address}"):
instance.proxy.set_link_state(mac_address, state)
return _back(request, pk, "network")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_qos(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
qos_dir = request.POST.get("qos_direction", "")
average = request.POST.get("qos_average") or 0
peak = request.POST.get("qos_peak") or 0
burst = request.POST.get("qos_burst") or 0
mac_key = [key for key in request.POST if "mac" in key]
mac = request.POST.get(mac_key[0]) if mac_key else None
if not mac or qos_dir not in ("inbound", "outbound"):
messages.error(request, _("Select a network interface and a QoS direction"))
return _back(request, pk, "network")
if not all(_is_int(rate) for rate in (average, peak, burst)):
messages.error(request, _("QoS rates must be whole numbers"))
return _back(request, pk, "network")
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"set {qos_dir} QoS on interface {mac}"):
instance.proxy.set_qos(mac, qos_dir, average, peak, burst)
if instance.proxy.get_status() == 5:
messages.success(
request, _("%(qos_dir)s QoS is set") % {"qos_dir": _(qos_dir.capitalize())}
)
else:
messages.success(
request,
_("%(qos_dir)s QoS is set. A running VM gets it after it is powered off and on.")
% {"qos_dir": _(qos_dir.capitalize())},
)
return _back(request, pk, "network")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
@serialize_instance_mutation
def unset_qos(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
qos_dir = request.POST.get("qos_direction", "")
mac = request.POST.get("net-mac")
if not mac or qos_dir not in ("inbound", "outbound"):
messages.error(request, _("Select a network interface and a QoS direction"))
return _back(request, pk, "network")
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"remove {qos_dir} QoS from interface {mac}"):
instance.proxy.unset_qos(mac, qos_dir)
if instance.proxy.get_status() == 5:
messages.success(
request, _("%(qos_dir)s QoS is deleted") % {"qos_dir": _(qos_dir.capitalize())}
)
else:
messages.success(
request,
_("%(qos_dir)s QoS is deleted. A running VM keeps the old limit until it is powered off and on.")
% {"qos_dir": _(qos_dir.capitalize())},
)
return _back(request, pk, "network")
@require_POST
@superuser_only
def add_owner(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
user_id = request.POST.get("user_id", "")
if not user_id.isdigit():
raise Http404
user = get_object_or_404(User, pk=user_id)
action = f"add owner {user.username}"
# the check and the insert in one step: two owners added at once must not
# both find the VM without one; the row is written after the transaction
with audit_vm(request, instance, action) as entry, transaction.atomic():
lock_ownership()
taken = (app_settings.ALLOW_INSTANCE_MULTIPLE_OWNER == "False"
and UserInstance.objects.filter(instance=instance).exists())
if taken:
entry.skip = True
else:
entry.skip = not UserInstance.objects.get_or_create(instance=instance, user=user)[1]
if taken:
failed_vm(request, instance, action, "only one owner is allowed")
messages.error(request, _("Only one owner is allowed and the one already added"))
elif entry.skip:
messages.warning(request, _("%(user)s is already an owner") % {"user": user})
return _back(request, pk, "users")
# Buses for the empty CD-ROM of a new VM: fdc and virtio have no ejectable
# media, and libvirt refuses an empty usb disk.
CDROM_BUSES = ("ide", "sata", "scsi")
def _clone_source(user, pk):
"""Cloning copies the source disks, so it needs change permission on the
source VM. Templates are meant to be deployed from, so viewing is enough."""
instance = get_instance(user, pk)
if not instance.is_template:
instance = get_instance(user, pk, perm_type="change")
return instance
@require_POST
@permission_required("instances.clone_instances", raise_exception=True)
@serialize_user_quota
def clone(request, pk):
_clone_source(request.user, pk) # 403/404 first
try:
op = jobs.submit("instance.clone", request.user, {"instance": pk, **request.POST.dict()},
request.POST.get("submission_key", ""))
except claims.Busy as busy:
return _busy(request, pk, busy)
except (jobs.SubmissionConflict, libvirtError, ValueError) as err:
messages.error(request, error_text(request, err))
else:
jobs.remember_job(request, op)
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[pk]))
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def update_console(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
if not utils.can_manage_console(request.user, instance):
raise PermissionDenied
form = ConsoleForm(request.POST, instance=instance, is_superuser=request.user.is_superuser)
if not form.is_valid():
messages.error(request, _("Console settings were not saved: %(errors)s") % {"errors": form.errors.as_text()})
return get_safe_redirect(request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#vncsettings")
console_type = form.cleaned_data["console_type"]
if console_type not in ("", instance.config_console_type):
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"set console type {console_type}"):
instance.proxy.set_console_type(console_type)
# the VNC settings, if the form takes them
if "keymap" in form.fields:
action = form.cleaned_data["password_action"]
if action != "keep":
if action == "generate":
password = randomPasswd(8) # the length VNC allows
elif action == "set":
password = form.cleaned_data["password"]
else:
password = ""
try:
with audit_vm(request, instance, "set console password" if password else "remove console password"):
if not instance.proxy.set_console_passwd(password):
raise util.OperationError("The VM has no graphics device")
except util.OperationError:
msg = _(
"Error setting console password. "
+ "You should check that your instance have an graphic device."
)
messages.error(request, msg)
if "keymap" in form.changed_data:
# "auto" removes the keymap: the client's keys go through as they are
keymap = form.cleaned_data["keymap"]
# False: no graphics device, nothing changed
with audit_vm(request, instance, "remove console keymap" if keymap == "auto" else f"set console keymap {keymap}") as entry:
entry.skip = instance.proxy.set_console_keymap(keymap) is False
if "listen_on" in form.changed_data:
with audit_vm(request, instance, f"set console listen address {form.cleaned_data['listen_on']}") as entry:
entry.skip = instance.proxy.set_console_listener_addr(form.cleaned_data["listen_on"]) is False
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#vncsettings"
)
@require_POST
@serialize_instance_mutation
def change_options(request, pk):
"""The title and description of the persistent definition: they apply
at the next start, so a running VM's are changed too."""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
options = {key: request.POST.get(key, "") for key in ("title", "description") if key in request.POST}
with audit_vm(request, instance, "edit options"):
instance.proxy.set_options(options)
return get_safe_redirect(
request, default=reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]) + "#options"
)
@require_POST
@serialize_user_quota
@serialize_instance_mutation
def set_template(request, pk):
"""Marks a shut-off VM as a template, or a template as a VM again; only
superusers and staff. A template is not counted and cannot be started:
making it a VM again adds it to the owner's usage, so the quota applies."""
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk, perm_type="change")
if not (request.user.is_superuser or request.user.is_staff):
raise PermissionDenied
is_template = bool(request.POST.get("is_template"))
if instance.proxy.get_status() != 5:
messages.error(request, _("Shut the VM down to change whether it is a template."))
return _back(request, pk, "options")
if instance.is_template and not is_template and not request.user.is_superuser:
quota_msg = utils.check_user_quota(request.user, 1, instance.vcpu, instance.memory,
utils.disk_gib(instance.disks))
if quota_msg:
messages.error(request, quota_refused(quota_msg, gettext_noop("%(quota)s: '%(instance_name)s' stays a template."),
instance_name=instance.name))
return _back(request, pk, "options")
with audit_vm(request, instance, "mark as template" if is_template else "unmark as template"):
instance.is_template = is_template
instance.save(update_fields=["is_template"])
return _back(request, pk, "options")
def getvvfile(request, pk):
instance = get_instance(request.user, pk)
# The .vv file contains the VNC password: same rule as the console.
if not utils.can_open_console(request.user, instance):
raise PermissionDenied
response = HttpResponse(
content="",
content_type="application/x-virt-viewer",
status=200,
reason=None,
charset="utf-8",
)
# the VM found by its UUID; the stored name may be stale
with audit_vm(request, instance, "download console file"), instance.proxy.cached_reads() as proxy:
listen = proxy.get_console_listener_addr()
response.writelines("[virt-viewer]\n")
response.writelines(f"type={proxy.get_console_type()}\n")
response.writelines(f"host={proxy.host if listen == '0.0.0.0' else listen}\n")
response.writelines(f"port={proxy.get_console_port()}\n")
response.writelines(f"title={proxy.instance.name()}\n")
# as the console page: without the permission the viewer asks for the password
if request.user.has_perm("instances.passwordless_console"):
response.writelines(f"password={proxy.get_console_passwd() or ''}\n")
response.writelines("enable-usbredir=1\n")
response.writelines("disable-effects=all\n")
response.writelines("secure-attention=ctrl+alt+ins\n")
response.writelines("release-cursor=ctrl+alt\n")
response.writelines("fullscreen=1\n")
response.writelines("delete-this-file=1\n")
response["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="console.vv"'
return response
@superuser_only
def create_instance_select_type(request, compute_id):
"""
:param request:
:param compute_id:
:return:
"""
conn = None
storages = list()
networks = list()
hypervisors = list()
meta_prealloc = False
compute = get_object_or_404(Compute, pk=compute_id)
conn = wvmCreate(compute.hostname, compute.login, compute.password, compute.type)
instances = conn.get_instances()
all_hypervisors = conn.get_hypervisors_machines()
# Supported hypervisors by webvirtcloud: i686, x86_64(for now)
supported_arch = [
"x86_64",
"i686",
"aarch64",
"armv7l",
"ppc64",
"ppc64le",
"s390x",
]
hypervisors = [hpv for hpv in all_hypervisors.keys() if hpv in supported_arch]
default_machine = app_settings.INSTANCE_MACHINE_DEFAULT_TYPE
default_arch = app_settings.INSTANCE_ARCH_DEFAULT_TYPE
# a refused definition comes back in the editor, its reason beside it
xml_error = None
if request.method == "POST" and "create_xml" in request.POST:
xml = request.POST.get("dom_xml", "")
try:
name = util.get_xml_path(xml, "/domain/name")
if not name:
xml_error = _("The XML has no name")
elif name in instances:
xml_error = _("A virtual machine with this name already exists")
else:
with libvirt_compute_lock(compute):
with audit(request, compute, f"VM {name}", "define from XML", instance=name) as entry:
conn._defineXML(xml)
utils.refr(compute)
instance = compute.instance_set.get(name=name)
entry.uuid = instance.uuid
return redirect(reverse("instances:instance", args=[instance.id]))
except util.etree.Error as err:
xml_error = _("The XML is not well-formed: %(error)s") % {"error": err}
except libvirtError as err:
xml_error = _("libvirt Error - %(exception)s") % {"exception": error_text(request, err)}
return render(request, "create_instance_w1.html", locals())
# the create form's disk sources: (value, title, help)
DISK_SOURCES = [
("new", gettext_lazy("New disk"), gettext_lazy("An empty disk of the size you set")),
("existing", gettext_lazy("Existing volumes"), gettext_lazy("Volumes already in a pool")),
("template", gettext_lazy("Clone from template"), gettext_lazy("A copy of a template volume")),
]
def refused_lists(post):
"""The volume pool, volumes and networks of a refused create form as
submitted, for the page to rebuild them."""
images = post["images"].split(",") if post.get("images") else []
networks = post["networks"].split(",") if post.get("networks") else []
macs = post.get("mac", "").split(",")
return {
"pool": post.get("storage-control", ""),
"disks": [{"volume": image, "device": post.get(f"device{i}", ""), "bus": post.get(f"bus{i}", "")}
for i, image in enumerate(images)],
"networks": [{"name": network, "mac": macs[i] if i < len(macs) else ""}
for i, network in enumerate(networks)],
}
@superuser_only
def create_instance(request, compute_id, arch, machine):
"""
:param request:
:param compute_id:
:param arch:
:param machine:
:return:
"""
conn = None
storages = list()
networks = list()
hypervisors = list()
meta_prealloc = False
compute = get_object_or_404(Compute, pk=compute_id)
flavors = Flavor.objects.filter().order_by("id")
appsettings = AppSettings.objects.all()
vm_form = None
flavor_form = FlavorForm()
refused = False
disk_sources = DISK_SOURCES
disk_source = request.POST.get("disk_source", "new")
if disk_source not in [value for value, _title, _help in DISK_SOURCES]:
disk_source = "new"
try:
conn = wvmCreate(
compute.hostname,
compute.login,
compute.password,
compute.type
)
default_firmware = app_settings.INSTANCE_FIRMWARE_DEFAULT_TYPE
default_cpu_mode = app_settings.INSTANCE_CPU_DEFAULT_MODE
instances = conn.get_instances()
videos = conn.get_video_models(arch, machine)
default_video = app_settings.INSTANCE_VIDEO_DEFAULT_TYPE
cache_modes = sorted(conn.get_cache_modes().items())
default_cache = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_CACHE
default_io = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_IO
default_zeroes = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_DETECT_ZEROES
default_discard = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_DISCARD
default_disk_format = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_FORMAT
default_disk_owner_uid = int(app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_OWNER_UID)
default_disk_owner_gid = int(app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_OWNER_GID)
default_scsi_disk_model = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_SCSI_CONTROLLER
listener_addr = settings.QEMU_CONSOLE_LISTENER_ADDRESSES
disk_devices = conn.get_disk_device_types(arch, machine)
disk_buses = conn.get_disk_bus_types(arch, machine)
cdrom_buses = [bus for bus in disk_buses if bus in CDROM_BUSES]
default_bus = app_settings.INSTANCE_VOLUME_DEFAULT_BUS
networks = sorted(conn.get_networks())
nwfilters = conn.get_nwfilters()
net_models_host = conn.get_network_models()
default_nic_type = app_settings.INSTANCE_NIC_DEFAULT_TYPE
storages = sorted(conn.get_storages(only_actives=True))
default_cdrom = app_settings.INSTANCE_CDROM_ADD
input_device_buses = ["default", "virtio", "usb"]
default_input_device_bus = app_settings.INSTANCE_INPUT_DEFAULT_DEVICE
dom_caps = conn.get_dom_capabilities(arch, machine)
caps = conn.get_capabilities(arch)
virtio_support = conn.is_supports_virtio(arch, machine)
firmwares = conn.get_firmwares(arch, machine)
tpm_support = bool(conn.get_tpm_model(arch, machine))
if not storages:
raise util.OperationError(_("You haven't defined any storage pools"))
if not networks:
raise util.OperationError(_("You haven't defined any network pools"))
vm_form = NewVMForm(initial={
# a default this host does not offer is no choice: the select asks for one
"vcpu": 1, "memory": 512, "firmware": default_firmware,
"vcpu_mode": default_cpu_mode if default_cpu_mode in cpu_choices(dom_caps) else "",
"cache_mode": default_cache, "net_model": default_nic_type, "listener_addr": "0.0.0.0",
"add_cdrom": default_cdrom, "add_input": default_input_device_bus, "video": default_video,
"qemu_ga": True, "virtio": bool(virtio_support),
})
if conn:
if request.method == "POST":
if "create" in request.POST:
# the submitted form comes back bound if the page shows it again
form = vm_form = NewVMForm(request.POST)
refused = True
if form.is_valid():
data = form.cleaned_data
images = data["images"].split(",") if data["images"] else []
raw = {**data, "compute": compute.id, "arch": arch, "machine": machine,
"devices": [[request.POST.get(f"device{i}", ""), request.POST.get(f"bus{i}", "")]
for i in range(len(images))]}
try:
op = jobs.submit("instance.create", request.user, raw,
request.POST.get("submission_key", ""))
except claims.Busy as busy:
messages.error(request, busy_message(busy, request.user))
except jobs.SubmissionConflict as err:
messages.error(request, str(err))
else:
if op.params["machine"] != machine:
messages.warning(
request,
"Changing machine type from '%s' to 'q35' "
"which is required for UEFI secure boot." % machine,
)
jobs.remember_job(request, op)
return redirect(reverse("instances", args=[compute.id]))
conn.close()
except libvirtError as lib_err:
messages.error(request, lib_err)
if refused:
submitted_lists = refused_lists(request.POST)
if disk_source == "template":
template_restore = {"pool": request.POST.get("template_pool", ""), "template": request.POST.get("template", "")}
return render(request, "create_instance_w2.html", locals())
def flavors_reply(request, flavor_form):
return render(request, "create_flavors_reply.html",
{"flavors": Flavor.objects.order_by("id"), "flavor_form": flavor_form})
@superuser_only
def flavor_create(request):
form = FlavorForm(request.POST or None)
if form.is_valid():
with audit(request, None, f"Flavor {form.cleaned_data['label']}", "add"):
form.save()
if from_script(request):
return flavors_reply(request, FlavorForm())
messages.success(request, _("Flavor Created"))
return get_safe_redirect(request, default=reverse("instances:index"))
if from_script(request):
return flavors_reply(request, form)
return render(
request,
"common/form.html",
{"form": form, "title": _("Create Flavor")},
)
@superuser_only
def flavor_update(request, pk):
flavor = get_object_or_404(Flavor, pk=pk)
subject, before = f"Flavor {flavor.label}", audit_snapshot(flavor)
form = FlavorForm(request.POST or None, instance=flavor)
if form.is_valid():
with audit(request, None, subject, "change") as entry:
form.save()
fields = changed_fields(before, audit_snapshot(flavor))
entry.action = "change " + ", ".join(fields)
entry.skip = not fields
messages.success(request, _("Flavor Updated"))
return get_safe_redirect(request, default=reverse("instances:index"))
return render(
request,
"common/form.html",
{"form": form, "title": _("Update Flavor")},
)
@superuser_only
def flavor_delete(request, pk):
flavor = get_object_or_404(Flavor, pk=pk)
if request.method == "POST":
with audit(request, None, f"Flavor {flavor.label}", "delete"):
flavor.delete()
if from_script(request):
return flavors_reply(request, FlavorForm())
messages.success(request, _("Flavor Deleted"))
return get_safe_redirect(request, default=reverse("instances:index"))
return render(
request,
"common/confirm_delete.html",
{"object": flavor, "consequence": _("Only the size template goes; VMs made from it keep their size.")},
)