diff --git a/instances/templates/create_instance_w2.html b/instances/templates/create_instance_w2.html
index fdd42491..1b420428 100644
--- a/instances/templates/create_instance_w2.html
+++ b/instances/templates/create_instance_w2.html
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 {% load i18n %}
 {% load static %}
 {% load operations %}
+{% load django_bootstrap5 %}
+{% load form_fields %}
+{% block body_attrs %} data-error-focus="manual" data-submitted-form="{{ submitted_form }}"{% endblock %}
 {% load bootstrap_icons %}
 {% block title %}{% trans "Create new instance" %}{% endblock %}
 
@@ -20,20 +23,6 @@
 {% block content %}
     {% include 'pleasewaitdialog.html' %}
 
-    {% if form.errors %}
-    {% for field in form %}
-        {% for error in field.errors %}
-            <div class="alert alert-danger">
-                <strong>{{ field.label }}:</strong> <span>{{ error|escape }}</span>
-            </div>
-        {% endfor %}
-    {% endfor %}
-    {% for error in form.non_field_errors %}
-        <div class="alert alert-danger">
-            <strong>{{ error|escape }}</strong>
-        </div>
-    {% endfor %}
-    {% endif %}
 
     <div class="row">
         <div class="col-lg-12">
@@ -86,7 +75,7 @@
                                 </tr>
                                 </thead>
                                 <tbody>
-                                {% for flavor in flavors %}
+                                {% for flavor, form_id, vm_form in flavor_forms %}
                                     <tr>
                                         <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                                         <td>{{ flavor.label }}</td>
@@ -94,7 +83,7 @@
                                         <td>{{ flavor.memory }} {% trans "MB" %}</td>
                                         <td>{{ flavor.disk }} {% trans "GB" %}</td>
                                         <td style="width:5px;">
-                                            <div class="modal fade" id="addVMflavor{{ forloop.counter }}" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="addVMFlavorLabel" aria-hidden="true">
+                                            <div class="modal fade" id="addVMflavor{{ flavor.id }}" data-form-id="{{ form_id }}" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="addVMFlavorLabel" aria-hidden="true">
                                                 <div class="modal-dialog">
                                                     <div class="modal-content">
                                                         <div class="modal-header">
@@ -102,76 +91,87 @@
                                                             <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button>
                                                         </div>
                                                         <form method="post" role="form" aria-label="Create instance from flavor form">{% csrf_token %}{% submission_key %}
+                                                            <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="{{ form_id }}">
                                                             <div class="modal-body">
+                                                                {% if submitted_form == form_id %}<div class="modal-messages">{% bootstrap_messages %}</div>{% endif %}
+                                                                {% include "instances/form_errors.html" with form=vm_form %}
                                                                 <div class="row">
-                                                                    <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_name" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Name" %}</label>
+                                                                    <label for="{{ form_id }}_name" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Name" %}</label>
                                                                     <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                        <input id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_name" type="text" class="form-control" name="name"
+                                                                        <input id="{{ form_id }}_name" type="text" class="form-control{{ vm_form.name|invalid }}" name="name" value="{{ vm_form.name.value|default_if_none:"" }}"
                                                                                placeholder="{% trans "Name" %}" maxlength="64" required
-                                                                               pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+">
-                                                                        <input type="hidden" name="vcpu" value="{{ flavor.vcpu }}">
-                                                                        <input type="hidden" name="memory" value="{{ flavor.memory }}">
-                                                                        <input type="hidden" name="hdd_size" value="{{ flavor.disk }}">
+                                                                               pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+"{% error_attrs vm_form.name form_id|add:"_name" %}>
+                                                                               {% field_error vm_form.name form_id|add:"_name" %}
+                                                                        <input type="hidden" name="vcpu" value="{{ vm_form.vcpu.value|default_if_none:"" }}">
+                                                                        <input type="hidden" name="memory" value="{{ vm_form.memory.value|default_if_none:"" }}">
+                                                                        <input type="hidden" name="hdd_size" value="{{ vm_form.hdd_size.value|default_if_none:"" }}">
                                                                     </div>
                                                                 </div>
                                                                 {% if firmwares %}
                                                                 <div class="row">
-                                                                    <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_firmware" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Firmware" %}</label>
+                                                                    <label for="{{ form_id }}_firmware" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Firmware" %}</label>
                                                                     <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                        <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_firmware" class="form-select" name="firmware">
+                                                                        <select id="{{ form_id }}_firmware" class="form-select{{ vm_form.firmware|invalid }}" name="firmware"
+                                                                                {% error_attrs vm_form.firmware form_id|add:"_firmware" %}>
                                                                             {% for frm in firmwares %}
-                                                                            <option value="{{ frm }}" {% if frm in default_firmware %}selected{% endif %}>{{ frm }}</option>
+                                                                            <option value="{{ frm }}" {% if frm == vm_form.firmware.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ frm }}</option>
                                                                             {% endfor %}
                                                                         </select>
+                                                                        {% field_error vm_form.firmware form_id|add:"_firmware" %}
                                                                     </div>
                                                                 </div>
                                                                 {% endif %}
                                                                 {% if dom_caps.cpu_modes %}
                                                                 <div class="row">
-                                                                    <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_vcpu_mode" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "VCPU Config" %}</label>
+                                                                    <label for="{{ form_id }}_vcpu_mode" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "VCPU Config" %}</label>
                                                                     <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                        <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_vcpu_mode" class="form-select" name="vcpu_mode">
+                                                                        <select id="{{ form_id }}_vcpu_mode" class="form-select{{ vm_form.vcpu_mode|invalid }}" name="vcpu_mode"
+                                                                                {% error_attrs vm_form.vcpu_mode form_id|add:"_vcpu_mode" %}>
                                                                             <option value=""> {% trans 'no-mode' %}</option>
                                                                             {% for mode in dom_caps.cpu_modes %}
                                                                                 {% if mode == 'custom' %}
                                                                                     <optgroup label="Custom CPU Models">
                                                                                         {% for model in dom_caps.cpu_custom_models %}
-                                                                                        <option value="{{ model }}"> {% trans model %}</option>
+                                                                                        <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == vm_form.vcpu_mode.value %}selected{% endif %}> {% trans model %}</option>
                                                                                         {% endfor %}
                                                                                     </optgroup>
                                                                                 {% else %}
-                                                                                    <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == default_cpu_mode %}selected {% endif %}>
+                                                                                    <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == vm_form.vcpu_mode.value %}selected {% endif %}>
                                                                                         {% trans mode %}
                                                                                     </option>
                                                                                 {% endif %}
                                                                             {% endfor %}
                                                                         </select>
+                                                                        {% field_error vm_form.vcpu_mode form_id|add:"_vcpu_mode" %}
                                                                     </div>
                                                                 </div>
                                                                 {% endif %}
                                                                 <div class="row">
-                                                                    <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_storage" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Storage" %}</label>
+                                                                    <label for="{{ form_id }}_storage" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Storage" %}</label>
                                                                     <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                        <input type="hidden" name="cache_mode" value="default">
-                                                                        <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_storage" class="form-select" name="storage">
+                                                                        <select id="{{ form_id }}_storage" class="form-select{{ vm_form.storage|invalid }}" name="storage"
+                                                                                {% error_attrs vm_form.storage form_id|add:"_storage" %}>
                                                                             {% if storages %}
                                                                                 {% for storage in storages %}
-                                                                                    <option value="{{ storage }}">{{ storage }}</option>
+                                                                                    <option value="{{ storage }}" {% if storage == vm_form.storage.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ storage }}</option>
                                                                                 {% endfor %}
                                                                             {% else %}
                                                                                 <option value="">{% trans "None" %}</option>
                                                                             {% endif %}
                                                                         </select>
+                                                                        {% field_error vm_form.storage form_id|add:"_storage" %}
                                                                     </div>
                                                                 </div>
                                                                 <div class="row">
-                                                                    <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_networks" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Network" %}</label>
+                                                                    <label for="{{ form_id }}_networks" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Network" %}</label>
                                                                     <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                        <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_networks" class="form-select" name="networks">
+                                                                        <select id="{{ form_id }}_networks" class="form-select{{ vm_form.networks|invalid }}" name="networks"
+                                                                                {% error_attrs vm_form.networks form_id|add:"_networks" %}>
                                                                             {% for network in networks %}
-                                                                                <option value="{{ network }}">{{ network }}</option>
+                                                                                <option value="{{ network }}" {% if network == vm_form.networks.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ network }}</option>
                                                                             {% endfor %}
                                                                         </select>
+                                                                        {% field_error vm_form.networks form_id|add:"_networks" %}
                                                                     </div>
                                                                 </div>
                                                                  <div class="row">
@@ -184,104 +184,121 @@
                                                                 </div>
                                                                 <div class="collapse" id="flav-add-collapse-{{ flavor.id }}">
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_mac" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "MAC" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_mac" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "MAC" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <input id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_mac" type="text" class="form-control" name="mac" maxlength="17" value="{{ mac_auto }}" required pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9:]+">
+                                                                            <input id="{{ form_id }}_mac" type="text" class="form-control{{ vm_form.mac|invalid }}" name="mac"
+                                                                                  value="{{ vm_form.mac.value|default_if_none:"" }}" maxlength="17" required pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9:]+"
+                                                                                  {% error_attrs vm_form.mac form_id|add:"_mac" %}>
+                                                                            {% field_error vm_form.mac form_id|add:"_mac" %}
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_nwfilter" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "NWFilter" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_nwfilter" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "NWFilter" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_nwfilter" class="form-select" name="nwfilter">
+                                                                            <select id="{{ form_id }}_nwfilter" class="form-select{{ vm_form.nwfilter|invalid }}" name="nwfilter"
+                                                                                    {% error_attrs vm_form.nwfilter form_id|add:"_nwfilter" %}>
                                                                                 <option value="">{% trans "None" %}</option>
                                                                                 {% for nwfilter in nwfilters %}
-                                                                                    <option value="{{ nwfilter }}">{{ nwfilter }}</option>
+                                                                                    <option value="{{ nwfilter }}" {% if nwfilter == vm_form.nwfilter.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ nwfilter }}</option>
                                                                                 {% endfor %}
                                                                             </select>
+                                                                            {% field_error vm_form.nwfilter form_id|add:"_nwfilter" %}
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_net_model" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "NIC Type" %} </label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_net_model" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "NIC Type" %} </label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_net_model" class="form-select" name="net_model">
+                                                                            <select id="{{ form_id }}_net_model" class="form-select{{ vm_form.net_model|invalid }}" name="net_model"
+                                                                                    {% error_attrs vm_form.net_model form_id|add:"_net_model" %}>
                                                                                 {% for model in net_models_host %}
-                                                                                <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == default_nic_type %} selected {% endif %}>{{ model }}</option>
+                                                                                <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == vm_form.net_model.value %} selected {% endif %}>{{ model }}</option>
                                                                                 {% endfor %}
                                                                             </select>
+                                                                            {% field_error vm_form.net_model form_id|add:"_net_model" %}
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_cache_mode" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "HDD cache mode" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_cache_mode" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "HDD cache mode" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_cache_mode" class="form-select" name="cache_mode">
+                                                                            <select id="{{ form_id }}_cache_mode" class="form-select{{ vm_form.cache_mode|invalid }}" name="cache_mode"
+                                                                                    {% error_attrs vm_form.cache_mode form_id|add:"_cache_mode" %}>
                                                                                 {% for mode, name in cache_modes %}
-                                                                                    <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == default_cache %}selected {% endif %}>
+                                                                                    <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == vm_form.cache_mode.value %}selected {% endif %}>
                                                                                     {% trans name %}</option>
                                                                                 {% endfor %}
                                                                             </select>
+                                                                            {% field_error vm_form.cache_mode form_id|add:"_cache_mode" %}
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_video" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Video" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_video" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Video" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_video" class="form-select" name="video">
+                                                                            <select id="{{ form_id }}_video" class="form-select{{ vm_form.video|invalid }}" name="video"
+                                                                                    {% error_attrs vm_form.video form_id|add:"_video" %}>
                                                                                 {% if not videos %}
                                                                                     <option value="vga">vga</option>
                                                                                     <option value="cirrus">cirrus</option>
                                                                                 {% endif %}
                                                                                 {% for video in videos %}
-                                                                                    <option value="{{ video }}" {% if default_video == video %}selected{% endif %}>{{ video }}</option>
+                                                                                    <option value="{{ video }}" {% if video == vm_form.video.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ video }}</option>
                                                                                 {% endfor %}
                                                                             </select>
+                                                                            {% field_error vm_form.video form_id|add:"_video" %}
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_listener_addr" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Console Access" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_listener_addr" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Console Access" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_listener_addr" class="form-select" name="listener_addr">
+                                                                            <select id="{{ form_id }}_listener_addr" class="form-select{{ vm_form.listener_addr|invalid }}" name="listener_addr"
+                                                                                    {% error_attrs vm_form.listener_addr form_id|add:"_listener_addr" %}>
                                                                                 {% for addr, label in listener_addr %}
-                                                                                    <option value="{{ addr }}" {% if addr == "0.0.0.0" %} selected {% endif %}>{{ label }}</option>
+                                                                                    <option value="{{ addr }}" {% if addr == vm_form.listener_addr.value %} selected {% endif %}>{{ label }}</option>
                                                                                 {% endfor %}
                                                                             </select>
+                                                                            {% field_error vm_form.listener_addr form_id|add:"_listener_addr" %}
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_add_cdrom" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Add CD-Rom" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_add_cdrom" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Add CD-Rom" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_add_cdrom" class="form-select" name="add_cdrom">
-                                                                                <option value="None" {% if bus == default_cdrom %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
+                                                                            <select id="{{ form_id }}_add_cdrom" class="form-select{{ vm_form.add_cdrom|invalid }}" name="add_cdrom"
+                                                                                    {% error_attrs vm_form.add_cdrom form_id|add:"_add_cdrom" %}>
+                                                                                <option value="None" {% if vm_form.add_cdrom.value == "None" %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
                                                                                 {% for bus in cdrom_buses %}
-                                                                                    <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == default_cdrom %}selected {% endif %}>
+                                                                                    <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == vm_form.add_cdrom.value %}selected {% endif %}>
                                                                                         {% trans bus %}
                                                                                     </option>
                                                                                 {% endfor %}
                                                                             </select>
+                                                                            {% field_error vm_form.add_cdrom form_id|add:"_add_cdrom" %}
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_add_input" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Add Input Device" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_add_input" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Add Input Device" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <select id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_add_input" class="form-select" name="add_input">
-                                                                                <option value="None" {% if bus == default_input_device_bus %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
+                                                                            <select id="{{ form_id }}_add_input" class="form-select{{ vm_form.add_input|invalid }}" name="add_input"
+                                                                                    {% error_attrs vm_form.add_input form_id|add:"_add_input" %}>
+                                                                                <option value="None" {% if vm_form.add_input.value == "None" %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
                                                                                 {% for bus in input_device_buses %}
-                                                                                    <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == default_input_device_bus %}selected{% endif %}>
+                                                                                    <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == vm_form.add_input.value %}selected{% endif %}>
                                                                                         {% trans bus %}
                                                                                     </option>
                                                                                 {% endfor %}
                                                                             </select>
+                                                                            {% field_error vm_form.add_input form_id|add:"_add_input" %}
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_qemu_ga" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Guest Agent" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_qemu_ga" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "Guest Agent" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <input id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_qemu_ga" type="checkbox" name="qemu_ga" value="true" checked>
+                                                                            <input id="{{ form_id }}_qemu_ga" type="checkbox" name="qemu_ga" value="true"{% if vm_form.qemu_ga.value %} checked{% endif %}>
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     {% if virtio_support %}
                                                                     <div class="row">
-                                                                        <label for="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_virtio" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "VirtIO" %}</label>
+                                                                        <label for="{{ form_id }}_virtio" class="col-sm-4 col-form-label">{% trans "VirtIO" %}</label>
                                                                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                                                            <input id="flavor{{ flavor.id }}_virtio" type="checkbox" name="virtio" value="{{ virtio_support }}" checked>
+                                                                            <input id="{{ form_id }}_virtio" type="checkbox" name="virtio" value="{{ virtio_support }}"{% if vm_form.virtio.value %} checked{% endif %}>
                                                                         </div>
                                                                     </div>
                                                                     {% endif %}
@@ -299,7 +316,7 @@
                                                     </div>
                                                 </div>
                                             </div>
-                                            <a data-bs-toggle="modal" href="#addVMflavor{{ forloop.counter }}" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary" title="{% trans "Create Virtual Machine" %}">
+                                            <a data-bs-toggle="modal" href="#addVMflavor{{ flavor.id }}" class="btn btn-sm btn-secondary" title="{% trans "Create Virtual Machine" %}">
                                                 <span >{% bs_icon 'plus'%} </span>
                                             </a>
                                         </td>
@@ -320,60 +337,75 @@
                         <div class="clearfix"></div>
                     </div>
 
-            <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane tab-pane-bordered" id="addCustom">
+            <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane tab-pane-bordered" id="addCustom" data-form-id="custom">
                 <div>
                     <form method="post" role="form" aria-label="Create custom instance form">{% csrf_token %}{% submission_key %}
+                        <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="custom">
+                    {% include "instances/form_errors.html" with form=custom_form %}
                     <div class="row">
                         <label for="custom_name" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Name" %}</label>
                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                            <input id="custom_name" type="text" class="form-control" name="name" placeholder="{% trans "Name" %}" maxlength="64" required pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+">
+                            <input id="custom_name" type="text" class="form-control{{ custom_form.name|invalid }}" name="name"
+                                  value="{{ custom_form.name.value|default_if_none:"" }}" placeholder="{% trans "Name" %}" maxlength="64" required pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+"
+                                  {% error_attrs custom_form.name "custom_name" %}>
+                            {% field_error custom_form.name "custom_name" %}
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     {% if firmwares %}
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="select_firmware" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Firmware" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select class="form-select" id="select_firmware" name="firmware">
+                                <select class="form-select{{ custom_form.firmware|invalid }}" id="select_firmware" name="firmware"
+                                        {% error_attrs custom_form.firmware "select_firmware" %}>
                                     {% for frm in firmwares %}
-                                    <option value="{{ frm }}" {% if frm == default_firmware %}selected{% endif %}>{{ frm }}</option>
+                                    <option value="{{ frm }}" {% if frm == custom_form.firmware.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ frm }}</option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error custom_form.firmware "select_firmware" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     {% endif %}
                     <div class="row">
                         <label for="custom_vcpu" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "VCPU" %}</label>
                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                            <input id="custom_vcpu" type="text" class="form-control" name="vcpu" value="1" maxlength="2" required pattern="[0-9]">
+                            <input id="custom_vcpu" type="text" class="form-control{{ custom_form.vcpu|invalid }}" name="vcpu"
+                                  value="{{ custom_form.vcpu.value|default_if_none:"" }}" maxlength="2" required pattern="[0-9]"
+                                  {% error_attrs custom_form.vcpu "custom_vcpu" %}>
+                            {% field_error custom_form.vcpu "custom_vcpu" %}
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     {% if dom_caps.cpu_modes %}
                      <div class="row">
                         <label for="custom_vcpu_mode" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "VCPU Config" %}</label>
                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                            <select id="custom_vcpu_mode" class="form-select" name="vcpu_mode">
+                            <select id="custom_vcpu_mode" class="form-select{{ custom_form.vcpu_mode|invalid }}" name="vcpu_mode"
+                                    {% error_attrs custom_form.vcpu_mode "custom_vcpu_mode" %}>
                                 <option value=""> {% trans 'no-mode' %}</option>
                                 {% for mode in dom_caps.cpu_modes %}
                                     {% if mode == 'custom' %}
                                         <optgroup label="Custom CPU Models">
                                             {% for model in dom_caps.cpu_custom_models %}
-                                            <option value="{{ model }}"> {% trans model %}</option>
+                                            <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == custom_form.vcpu_mode.value %}selected{% endif %}> {% trans model %}</option>
                                             {% endfor %}
                                         </optgroup>
                                     {% else %}
-                                        <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == default_cpu_mode %}selected {% endif %}>
+                                        <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == custom_form.vcpu_mode.value %}selected {% endif %}>
                                             {% trans mode %}
                                         </option>
                                     {% endif %}
                                 {% endfor %}
                             </select>
+                            {% field_error custom_form.vcpu_mode "custom_vcpu_mode" %}
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     {% endif %}
                     <div class="row">
                         <label for="custom_memory" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "RAM" %}</label>
                         <div class="col-sm-7">
-                            <input id="custom_memory" type="text" class="form-control" name="memory" value="512" maxlength="5" required pattern="[0-9]+">
+                            <input id="custom_memory" type="text" class="form-control{{ custom_form.memory|invalid }}" name="memory"
+                                  value="{{ custom_form.memory.value|default_if_none:"" }}" maxlength="5" required pattern="[0-9]+"
+                                  {% error_attrs custom_form.memory "custom_memory" %}>
+                            {% field_error custom_form.memory "custom_memory" %}
                         </div>
                         <label class="col-sm-1 col-form-label">{% trans "MB" %}</label>
                     </div>
@@ -433,103 +465,117 @@
                         <div class="row meta-prealloc">
                             <label for="custom_meta_prealloc" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Disk Metadata" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <input id="custom_meta_prealloc" type="checkbox" name="meta_prealloc" title="{% trans "Metadata preallocation" %}" value="true">
+                                <input id="custom_meta_prealloc" type="checkbox" name="meta_prealloc" title="{% trans "Metadata preallocation" %}" value="true"{% if custom_form.meta_prealloc.value %} checked{% endif %}>
                             </div>
                             <label class="col-lg-1 col-form-label">{% trans "Image" %}</label>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="cache_mode" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "HDD Cache Mode" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select class="form-select" id="cache_mode" name="cache_mode">
+                                <select class="form-select{{ custom_form.cache_mode|invalid }}" id="cache_mode" name="cache_mode"
+                                        {% error_attrs custom_form.cache_mode "cache_mode" %}>
                                     {% for mode, name in cache_modes %}
-                                        <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == default_cache %}selected {% endif %}>
+                                        <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == custom_form.cache_mode.value %}selected {% endif %}>
                                             {% trans name %}</option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error custom_form.cache_mode "cache_mode" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="custom_nwfilter" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "NWFilter" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select id="custom_nwfilter" class="form-select" name="nwfilter">
+                                <select id="custom_nwfilter" class="form-select{{ custom_form.nwfilter|invalid }}" name="nwfilter"
+                                        {% error_attrs custom_form.nwfilter "custom_nwfilter" %}>
                                     <option value="">{% trans "None" %}</option>
                                     {% for nwfilter in nwfilters %}
-                                        <option value="{{ nwfilter }}">{{ nwfilter }}</option>
+                                        <option value="{{ nwfilter }}" {% if nwfilter == custom_form.nwfilter.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ nwfilter }}</option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error custom_form.nwfilter "custom_nwfilter" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="custom_net_model" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "NIC Type" %} </label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select id="custom_net_model" class="form-select" name="net_model">
+                                <select id="custom_net_model" class="form-select{{ custom_form.net_model|invalid }}" name="net_model"
+                                        {% error_attrs custom_form.net_model "custom_net_model" %}>
                                     {% for model in net_models_host %}
-                                    <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == default_nic_type %} selected {% endif %}>{{ model }}</option>
+                                    <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == custom_form.net_model.value %} selected {% endif %}>{{ model }}</option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error custom_form.net_model "custom_net_model" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="custom_video" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Video" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select id="custom_video" class="form-select" name="video">
+                                <select id="custom_video" class="form-select{{ custom_form.video|invalid }}" name="video"
+                                        {% error_attrs custom_form.video "custom_video" %}>
                                     {% if not videos %}
                                         <option value="vga">vga</option>
                                         <option value="cirrus">cirrus</option>
                                     {% endif %}
                                     {% for video in videos %}
-                                        <option value="{{ video }}">{{ video }}</option>
+                                        <option value="{{ video }}" {% if video == custom_form.video.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ video }}</option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error custom_form.video "custom_video" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="custom_listener_addr" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Console Access" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select id="custom_listener_addr" class="form-select" name="listener_addr">
+                                <select id="custom_listener_addr" class="form-select{{ custom_form.listener_addr|invalid }}" name="listener_addr"
+                                        {% error_attrs custom_form.listener_addr "custom_listener_addr" %}>
                                     {% for addr, label in listener_addr %}
-                                        <option value="{{ addr }}" {% if addr == "0.0.0.0" %} selected {% endif %}>{{ label }}</option>
+                                        <option value="{{ addr }}" {% if addr == custom_form.listener_addr.value %} selected {% endif %}>{{ label }}</option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error custom_form.listener_addr "custom_listener_addr" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="add_cdrom" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Add CD-Rom" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select class="form-select" id="add_cdrom" name="add_cdrom">
-                                    <option value="None" {% if bus == default_cdrom %}selected{% endif %} >--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
+                                <select class="form-select{{ custom_form.add_cdrom|invalid }}" id="add_cdrom" name="add_cdrom"
+                                        {% error_attrs custom_form.add_cdrom "add_cdrom" %}>
+                                    <option value="None" {% if custom_form.add_cdrom.value == "None" %}selected{% endif %} >--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
                                     {% for bus in cdrom_buses %}
-                                        <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == default_cdrom %}selected {% endif %}>
+                                        <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == custom_form.add_cdrom.value %}selected {% endif %}>
                                             {% trans bus %}
                                         </option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error custom_form.add_cdrom "add_cdrom" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="add_input" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Add Input Device" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select class="form-select" id="add_input" name="add_input">
-                                    <option value="None" {% if bus == default_input_device_bus %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
+                                <select class="form-select{{ custom_form.add_input|invalid }}" id="add_input" name="add_input"
+                                        {% error_attrs custom_form.add_input "add_input" %}>
+                                    <option value="None" {% if custom_form.add_input.value == "None" %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
                                     {% for bus in input_device_buses %}
-                                        <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == default_input_device_bus %}selected{% endif %}>
+                                        <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == custom_form.add_input.value %}selected{% endif %}>
                                             {% trans bus %}
                                         </option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error custom_form.add_input "add_input" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="custom_qemu_ga" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Guest Agent" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-6">
-                                <input id="custom_qemu_ga" type="checkbox" name="qemu_ga" value="true" checked>
+                                <input id="custom_qemu_ga" type="checkbox" name="qemu_ga" value="true"{% if custom_form.qemu_ga.value %} checked{% endif %}>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         {% if virtio_support %}
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="custom_virtio" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "VirtIO" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-6">
-                                <input id="custom_virtio" type="checkbox" name="virtio" value="{{ virtio_support }}" checked>
+                                <input id="custom_virtio" type="checkbox" name="virtio" value="{{ virtio_support }}"{% if custom_form.virtio.value %} checked{% endif %}>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         {% endif %}
@@ -552,65 +598,85 @@
                 <div class="clearfix"></div>
             </div>
 
-            <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane tab-pane-bordered" id="add-from-temp">
+            <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane tab-pane-bordered" id="add-from-temp" data-form-id="template">
                 <div>
-                    <form method="post" role="form" aria-label="Create instance from template form">{% csrf_token %}{% submission_key %}
+                    <form method="post" role="form" aria-label="Create instance from template form"
+                          {% if submitted_form == "template" %}
+                          data-template-pool="{{ request.POST.template_pool }}"
+                          data-template="{{ template_form.template.value|default_if_none:"" }}"
+                          data-storage="{{ template_form.storage.value|default_if_none:"" }}"
+                          {% endif %}>{% csrf_token %}{% submission_key %}
+                        <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="template">
+                    {% include "instances/form_errors.html" with form=template_form %}
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="template_name" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Name" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <input id="template_name" type="text" class="form-control" name="name" placeholder="{% trans "Name" %}" maxlength="64" required pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+">
+                                <input id="template_name" type="text" class="form-control{{ template_form.name|invalid }}" name="name"
+                                      value="{{ template_form.name.value|default_if_none:"" }}" placeholder="{% trans "Name" %}" maxlength="64" required pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+"
+                                      {% error_attrs template_form.name "template_name" %}>
+                                {% field_error template_form.name "template_name" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         {% if firmwares %}
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_firmware" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Firmware" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <select id="template_firmware" class="form-select" name="firmware">
+                                    <select id="template_firmware" class="form-select{{ template_form.firmware|invalid }}" name="firmware"
+                                            {% error_attrs template_form.firmware "template_firmware" %}>
                                         {% for frm in firmwares %}
-                                        <option value="{{ frm }}" {% if frm == default_firmware %}selected{% endif %}>{{ frm }}</option>
+                                        <option value="{{ frm }}" {% if frm == template_form.firmware.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ frm }}</option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     </select>
+                                    {% field_error template_form.firmware "template_firmware" %}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                         {% endif %}
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="template_vcpu" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "VCPU" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <input id="template_vcpu" type="text" class="form-control" name="vcpu" value="1" maxlength="2" required pattern="[0-9]">
+                                <input id="template_vcpu" type="text" class="form-control{{ template_form.vcpu|invalid }}" name="vcpu"
+                                      value="{{ template_form.vcpu.value|default_if_none:"" }}" maxlength="2" required pattern="[0-9]"
+                                      {% error_attrs template_form.vcpu "template_vcpu" %}>
+                                {% field_error template_form.vcpu "template_vcpu" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="template_vcpu_mode" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "VCPU Config" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select id="template_vcpu_mode" class="form-select" name="vcpu_mode">
+                                <select id="template_vcpu_mode" class="form-select{{ template_form.vcpu_mode|invalid }}" name="vcpu_mode"
+                                        {% error_attrs template_form.vcpu_mode "template_vcpu_mode" %}>
                                     <option value=""> {% trans 'no-mode' %}</option>
                                     {% for mode in dom_caps.cpu_modes %}
                                         {% if mode == 'custom' %}
                                             <optgroup label="Custom CPU Models">
                                                 {% for model in dom_caps.cpu_custom_models %}
-                                                <option value="{{ model }}"> {% trans model %}</option>
+                                                <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == template_form.vcpu_mode.value %}selected{% endif %}> {% trans model %}</option>
                                                 {% endfor %}
                                             </optgroup>
                                         {% else %}
-                                            <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == default_cpu_mode %}selected{% endif %}>
+                                            <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == template_form.vcpu_mode.value %}selected{% endif %}>
                                                 {% trans mode %}
                                             </option>
                                         {% endif %}
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error template_form.vcpu_mode "template_vcpu_mode" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="template_memory" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "RAM" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <input id="template_memory" type="text" class="form-control" name="memory" value="512" maxlength="5" required pattern="[0-9]+">
+                                <input id="template_memory" type="text" class="form-control{{ template_form.memory|invalid }}" name="memory"
+                                      value="{{ template_form.memory.value|default_if_none:"" }}" maxlength="5" required pattern="[0-9]+"
+                                      {% error_attrs template_form.memory "template_memory" %}>
+                                {% field_error template_form.memory "template_memory" %}
                             </div>
                             <label class="col-sm-1 col-form-label">{% trans "MB" %}</label>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="template_disk" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Template Disk" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-3">
-                                <select class="form-select" id="template_disk" onchange="get_template_vols({{ compute_id }}, value);">
+                                <select class="form-select" id="template_disk" name="template_pool" onchange="get_template_vols({{ compute_id }}, value);">
                                     {% if storages %}
                                         <option value disabled selected>{% trans "Select pool" %}...</option>
                                         {% for storage in storages %}
@@ -622,36 +688,45 @@
                                 </select>
                             </div>
                             <div class="col-sm-4">
-                                <select class="form-select" id="template" name="template" disabled>
+                                <select class="form-select{{ template_form.template|invalid }}" id="template" name="template" disabled
+                                        {% error_attrs template_form.template "template" %}>
                                     <!-- populated from javascript -->
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error template_form.template "template" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="storage" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Storage" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                <select class="form-select" id="storage" name="storage" disabled>
+                                <select class="form-select{{ template_form.storage|invalid }}" id="storage" name="storage" disabled
+                                        {% error_attrs template_form.storage "storage" %}>
                                     {% if storages %}
                                         {% for storage in storages %}
-                                            <option value="{{ storage }}" >{{ storage }}</option>
+                                            <option value="{{ storage }}" {% if storage == template_form.storage.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ storage }}</option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     {% else %}
                                         <option value="">{% trans "None" %}</option>
                                     {% endif %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error template_form.storage "storage" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
                             <label for="template_networks" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Network/MAC" %}</label>
                             <div class="col-sm-3">
-                                <select id="template_networks" class="form-select" name="networks">
+                                <select id="template_networks" class="form-select{{ template_form.networks|invalid }}" name="networks"
+                                        {% error_attrs template_form.networks "template_networks" %}>
                                     {% for network in networks %}
-                                        <option value="{{ network }}">{{ network }}</option>
+                                        <option value="{{ network }}" {% if network == template_form.networks.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ network }}</option>
                                     {% endfor %}
                                 </select>
+                                {% field_error template_form.networks "template_networks" %}
                             </div>
                             <div class="col-sm-4">
-                                <input type="text" class="form-control" name="mac" maxlength="17" value="{{ mac_auto }}" required pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9:]+">
+                                <input id="template_mac" aria-label="{% trans "MAC" %}" type="text" class="form-control{{ template_form.mac|invalid }}" name="mac"
+                                      value="{{ template_form.mac.value|default_if_none:"" }}" maxlength="17" required pattern="[a-zA-Z0-9:]+"
+                                      {% error_attrs template_form.mac "template_mac" %}>
+                                {% field_error template_form.mac "template_mac" %}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div class="row">
@@ -666,103 +741,117 @@
                             <div class="row meta-prealloc">
                                 <label for="template_meta_prealloc" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Disk Metadata" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <input id="template_meta_prealloc" type="checkbox" name="meta_prealloc" title="{% trans "Metadata preallocation" %}" value="true">
+                                    <input id="template_meta_prealloc" type="checkbox" name="meta_prealloc" title="{% trans "Metadata preallocation" %}" value="true"{% if template_form.meta_prealloc.value %} checked{% endif %}>
                                 </div>
                                 <label class="col-lg-1 col-form-label">{% trans "Image" %}</label>
                             </div>
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_cache_mode" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "HDD cache mode" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <select id="template_cache_mode" class="form-select" name="cache_mode">
+                                    <select id="template_cache_mode" class="form-select{{ template_form.cache_mode|invalid }}" name="cache_mode"
+                                            {% error_attrs template_form.cache_mode "template_cache_mode" %}>
                                         {% for mode, name in cache_modes %}
-                                            <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == default_cache %}selected{% endif %}>
+                                            <option value="{{ mode }}" {% if mode == template_form.cache_mode.value %}selected{% endif %}>
                                             {% trans name %}</option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     </select>
+                                    {% field_error template_form.cache_mode "template_cache_mode" %}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_nwfilter" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "NWFilter" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <select id="template_nwfilter" class="form-select" name="nwfilter">
+                                    <select id="template_nwfilter" class="form-select{{ template_form.nwfilter|invalid }}" name="nwfilter"
+                                            {% error_attrs template_form.nwfilter "template_nwfilter" %}>
                                         <option value="">{% trans "None" %}</option>
                                         {% for nwfilter in nwfilters %}
-                                            <option value="{{ nwfilter }}">{{ nwfilter }}</option>
+                                            <option value="{{ nwfilter }}" {% if nwfilter == template_form.nwfilter.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ nwfilter }}</option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     </select>
+                                    {% field_error template_form.nwfilter "template_nwfilter" %}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_net_model" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "NIC Type" %} </label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <select id="template_net_model" class="form-select" name="net_model">
+                                    <select id="template_net_model" class="form-select{{ template_form.net_model|invalid }}" name="net_model"
+                                            {% error_attrs template_form.net_model "template_net_model" %}>
                                         {% for model in net_models_host %}
-                                        <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == default_nic_type %} selected {% endif %}>{{ model }}</option>
+                                        <option value="{{ model }}" {% if model == template_form.net_model.value %} selected {% endif %}>{{ model }}</option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     </select>
+                                    {% field_error template_form.net_model "template_net_model" %}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_video" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Video" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <select id="template_video" class="form-select" name="video">
+                                    <select id="template_video" class="form-select{{ template_form.video|invalid }}" name="video"
+                                            {% error_attrs template_form.video "template_video" %}>
                                         {% if not videos %}
                                             <option value="vga">vga</option>
                                             <option value="cirrus">cirrus</option>
                                         {% endif %}
                                         {% for video in videos %}
-                                            <option value="{{ video }}">{{ video }}</option>
+                                            <option value="{{ video }}" {% if video == template_form.video.value %}selected{% endif %}>{{ video }}</option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     </select>
+                                    {% field_error template_form.video "template_video" %}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_listener_addr" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Console Access" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <select id="template_listener_addr" class="form-select" name="listener_addr">
+                                    <select id="template_listener_addr" class="form-select{{ template_form.listener_addr|invalid }}" name="listener_addr"
+                                            {% error_attrs template_form.listener_addr "template_listener_addr" %}>
                                         {% for addr, label in listener_addr %}
-                                            <option value="{{ addr }}" {% if addr == "0.0.0.0" %} selected {% endif %}>{{ label }}</option>
+                                            <option value="{{ addr }}" {% if addr == template_form.listener_addr.value %} selected {% endif %}>{{ label }}</option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     </select>
+                                    {% field_error template_form.listener_addr "template_listener_addr" %}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_add_cdrom" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Add CD-Rom" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <select id="template_add_cdrom" class="form-select" name="add_cdrom">
-                                        <option value="None" {% if bus == default_cdrom %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
+                                    <select id="template_add_cdrom" class="form-select{{ template_form.add_cdrom|invalid }}" name="add_cdrom"
+                                            {% error_attrs template_form.add_cdrom "template_add_cdrom" %}>
+                                        <option value="None" {% if template_form.add_cdrom.value == "None" %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
                                         {% for bus in cdrom_buses %}
-                                            <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == default_cdrom %}selected {% endif %}>
+                                            <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == template_form.add_cdrom.value %}selected {% endif %}>
                                                 {% trans bus %}
                                             </option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     </select>
+                                    {% field_error template_form.add_cdrom "template_add_cdrom" %}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_add_input" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Add Input Device" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-7">
-                                    <select id="template_add_input" class="form-select" name="add_input">
-                                        <option value="None" {% if bus == default_input_device_bus %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
+                                    <select id="template_add_input" class="form-select{{ template_form.add_input|invalid }}" name="add_input"
+                                            {% error_attrs template_form.add_input "template_add_input" %}>
+                                        <option value="None" {% if template_form.add_input.value == "None" %}selected{% endif %}>--{% trans "False" %}--</option>
                                         {% for bus in input_device_buses %}
-                                            <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == default_input_device_bus %}selected{% endif %}>
+                                            <option value="{{ bus }}" {% if bus == template_form.add_input.value %}selected{% endif %}>
                                                 {% trans bus %}
                                             </option>
                                         {% endfor %}
                                     </select>
+                                    {% field_error template_form.add_input "template_add_input" %}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_qemu_ga" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "Guest Agent" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-6">
-                                    <input id="template_qemu_ga" type="checkbox" name="qemu_ga" value="true" checked>
+                                    <input id="template_qemu_ga" type="checkbox" name="qemu_ga" value="true"{% if template_form.qemu_ga.value %} checked{% endif %}>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             {% if virtio_support %}
                             <div class="row">
                                 <label for="template_virtio" class="col-sm-3 col-form-label">{% trans "VirtIO" %}</label>
                                 <div class="col-sm-6">
-                                    <input id="template_virtio" type="checkbox" name="virtio" value="{{ virtio_support }}" checked>
+                                    <input id="template_virtio" type="checkbox" name="virtio" value="{{ virtio_support }}"{% if template_form.virtio.value %} checked{% endif %}>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             {% endif %}
@@ -912,7 +1001,7 @@
 
     function get_template_vols(compute_id, pool) {
         get_vol_url = "/computes/" + compute_id + "/storage/" + pool + "/volumes";
-        $.getJSON(get_vol_url, function (data) {
+        const loading = $.getJSON(get_vol_url, function (data) {
             $("#template").find('option').remove();
             $.each(data['vols'], function(i, item) {
                 $("#template").append($("<option>").val(item).text(item));
@@ -921,8 +1010,50 @@
         $("#template").removeAttr("disabled");
         $("#storage").val(pool).change();
         $("#storage").removeAttr("disabled");
+        return loading;
     }
 
+    // A refused create form comes back open: its tab, or its flavor's dialog,
+    // marked data-form-id. Then the focus goes to its error, once the dialog
+    // is shown or the template form has its volumes back.
+    function reopen_submitted_form() {
+        const holder = document.querySelector(`[data-form-id="${document.body.dataset.submittedForm}"]`);
+        if (!holder) {
+            focusFirstError();
+            return;
+        }
+        open_sections_with_errors(holder);
+        if (holder.classList.contains("modal")) {
+            holder.addEventListener("shown.bs.modal", focusFirstError, {once: true});
+            bootstrap.Modal.getOrCreateInstance(holder).show();
+        } else {
+            bootstrap.Tab.getOrCreateInstance(document.querySelector(`[data-bs-target="#${holder.id}"]`)).show();
+            restore_template_volumes().then(focusFirstError);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // an "Advanced" section that holds a refused field
+    function open_sections_with_errors(holder) {
+        holder.querySelectorAll(".collapse").forEach(function (section) {
+            if (section.querySelector(".is-invalid")) {
+                bootstrap.Collapse.getOrCreateInstance(section, {toggle: false}).show();
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    // the template form's pool, template and storage, the template list
+    // loaded for the pool first, as when the user picks it
+    function restore_template_volumes() {
+        const form = document.querySelector("form[data-template-pool]");
+        if (!form || !form.dataset.templatePool) return $.when();
+        $("#template_disk").val(form.dataset.templatePool);
+        return get_template_vols({{ compute_id }}, form.dataset.templatePool).then(function () {
+            $("#template").val(form.dataset.template);
+            $("#storage").val(form.dataset.storage);
+        });
+    }
+    $(reopen_submitted_form);
+
     function get_disk_bus_choices(compute_id, dev_idx, disk_type){
         // the page's own architecture and machine type, from its URL
         let arch = "{{ arch|escapejs }}";
diff --git a/instances/templates/instances/form_errors.html b/instances/templates/instances/form_errors.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5ec41acc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/instances/templates/instances/form_errors.html
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{# Every error of a refused create form, at the top of the form: also those of fields it keeps behind a picker or hidden. #}
+{% if form.errors %}
+    <div class="alert alert-danger form-errors" role="alert">
+        <ul class="mb-0">
+            {% for field in form %}{% for error in field.errors %}<li>{{ field.label }}: {{ error }}</li>{% endfor %}{% endfor %}
+            {% for error in form.non_field_errors %}<li>{{ error }}</li>{% endfor %}
+        </ul>
+    </div>
+{% endif %}
diff --git a/instances/templatetags/form_fields.py b/instances/templatetags/form_fields.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7db8f630
--- /dev/null
+++ b/instances/templatetags/form_fields.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""Marking a field the server refused: its class, the ARIA attributes that
+tie it to its message, and the message beside it. A field is a bound form
+field; the page renders without forms when the host could not be read, so
+anything without errors marks nothing."""
+
+from django import template
+from django.utils.html import format_html
+
+register = template.Library()
+
+
+def _errors(field):
+    return getattr(field, "errors", None)
+
+
+@register.filter
+def invalid(field):
+    """" is-invalid", to append to the class of a refused field."""
+    return " is-invalid" if _errors(field) else ""
+
+
+@register.simple_tag
+def error_attrs(field, input_id):
+    """aria-invalid and aria-describedby for a refused field."""
+    if not _errors(field):
+        return ""
+    return format_html(' aria-invalid="true" aria-describedby="{}_error"', input_id)
+
+
+@register.simple_tag
+def field_error(field, input_id):
+    """The field's errors, shown beside it."""
+    if not _errors(field):
+        return ""
+    return format_html('<div class="invalid-feedback" id="{}_error">{}</div>', input_id, " ".join(_errors(field)))
diff --git a/instances/tests/create_page.py b/instances/tests/create_page.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9242ba45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/instances/tests/create_page.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+"""The VM create page rendered on libvirt's test driver, for the tests of
+that page."""
+
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import libvirt
+from computes.models import Compute
+from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
+from django.urls import reverse
+
+
+def render_create_page(testcase, data=None):
+    """GET the create page, or POST data (a create submission) to it, as a
+    superuser on a test-driver compute; returns (compute, response)."""
+    conn = libvirt.open("test:///default")
+    testcase.addCleanup(conn.close)
+    compute, _ = Compute.objects.get_or_create(name="testdrv", hostname="localhost", login="", password="", type=4)
+    user = get_user_model().objects.filter(username="page").first() or \
+        get_user_model().objects.create_superuser("page", "page@example.com", "pw")
+    testcase.client.force_login(user)
+    url = reverse("instances:create_instance", args=[compute.id, "i686", "pc"])
+    with patch("vrtManager.connection.connection_manager.get_connection", return_value=conn), \
+         patch("vrtManager.connection.wvmConnect.get_machine_types", return_value=["pc"]), \
+         patch("vrtManager.connection.wvmConnect.get_nwfilters", return_value=[]):
+        if data is None:
+            response = testcase.client.get(url)
+        else:
+            response = testcase.client.post(url, {"create": "", **data})
+    return compute, response
diff --git a/instances/tests/test_create_form_input.py b/instances/tests/test_create_form_input.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..48d2cec4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/instances/tests/test_create_form_input.py
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+"""A refused VM create form comes back bound and open, with what was
+entered; the other create forms keep their own defaults."""
+
+import uuid
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from django.test import TestCase
+from django.urls import reverse
+from instances.models import Flavor
+from instances.tests.create_page import render_create_page
+from lxml import html
+from operations import claims, jobs
+from operations.models import Operation
+from vrtManager import util
+
+
+def valid(**fields):
+    """A create submission NewVMForm accepts."""
+    return {"name": "vm1", "firmware": "BIOS", "vcpu": "1", "memory": "512", "networks": "default",
+            "cache_mode": "default", "add_cdrom": "None", "add_input": "None", "video": "vga",
+            "listener_addr": "0.0.0.0", "submission_key": uuid.uuid4().hex, **fields}
+
+
+class CreateFormInputTests(TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.flavor = Flavor.objects.create(label="wvc-test", memory=512, vcpu=1, disk=10)
+
+    def test_each_create_form_has_its_own_unbound_form(self):
+        _, response = render_create_page(self)
+        forms = response.context["vm_forms"]
+        self.assertEqual(set(forms), {"custom", "template"} | {f"flavor{f.id}" for f in Flavor.objects.all()})
+        self.assertFalse(any(form.is_bound for form in forms.values()))
+        self.assertEqual(response.context["submitted_form"], "")
+
+    def test_the_refused_form_comes_back_bound(self):
+        _, response = render_create_page(self, valid(form_id="custom", name="bad name!", vcpu="2"))
+        self.assertEqual(response.context["submitted_form"], "custom")
+        self.assertTrue(response.context["custom_form"].is_bound)
+        self.assertFalse(response.context["template_form"].is_bound)
+        self.assertIn("name", response.context["custom_form"].errors)
+
+    def test_a_refusal_after_validation_keeps_the_form(self):
+        for refusal in (claims.Busy("compute 1"), jobs.SubmissionConflict("already submitted"),
+                        util.OperationError("A virtual machine with this name already exists")):
+            with self.subTest(refusal=type(refusal).__name__), \
+                 patch("instances.views.jobs.submit", side_effect=refusal):
+                _, response = render_create_page(self, valid(form_id="template"))
+                self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+                self.assertEqual(response.context["submitted_form"], "template")
+                self.assertTrue(response.context["template_form"].is_bound)
+                self.assertTrue(list(response.context["messages"]))
+        # the view's own refusal: a new disk needs a MAC
+        _, response = render_create_page(self, valid(form_id="template", hdd_size="10", mac=""))
+        self.assertEqual(response.context["submitted_form"], "template")
+        self.assertTrue(response.context["template_form"].is_bound)
+
+    def test_a_stale_form_id_is_no_form(self):
+        _, response = render_create_page(self, valid(form_id="flavor999", name="bad name!"))
+        self.assertEqual(response.context["submitted_form"], "")
+        # no form shows the error: it goes to the messages
+        self.assertTrue(any("special characters" in str(m) for m in response.context["messages"]))
+
+    def test_a_valid_post_with_a_stale_form_id_still_queues_the_job(self):
+        compute, response = render_create_page(self, valid(
+            form_id="flavor999", hdd_size="10", storage="default-pool", mac="52:54:00:00:00:01"))
+        self.assertRedirects(response, reverse("instances", args=[compute.id]), fetch_redirect_response=False)
+        self.assertEqual(Operation.objects.get().kind, "instance.create")
+
+
+class CreateFormValuesTests(TestCase):
+    """The custom and template forms render their own form's values and errors."""
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        Flavor.objects.create(label="wvc-test", memory=512, vcpu=1, disk=10)
+
+    def page(self, **fields):
+        _, response = render_create_page(self, valid(**fields))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        return html.fromstring(response.content)
+
+    def summary(self, page, form_label):
+        return " ".join(page.xpath(f"//form[@aria-label='{form_label}']//*[contains(@class, 'form-errors')]//text()"))
+
+    def test_the_custom_form_keeps_what_was_submitted(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id="custom", name="bad name!", vcpu="3", memory="2048", cache_mode="writeback")
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id("custom_name").get("value"), "bad name!")
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id("custom_vcpu").get("value"), "3")
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id("custom_memory").get("value"), "2048")
+        self.assertEqual(page.xpath("//select[@id='cache_mode']/option[@selected]/@value"), ["writeback"])
+        self.assertIsNone(page.get_element_by_id("custom_qemu_ga").get("checked"))  # not submitted: unchecked
+        # the template form keeps its defaults
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id("template_vcpu").get("value"), "1")
+        self.assertIsNotNone(page.get_element_by_id("template_qemu_ga").get("checked"))
+
+    def test_a_blank_number_stays_blank(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id="custom", vcpu="")
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id("custom_vcpu").get("value"), "")
+        self.assertTrue(page.get_element_by_id("custom_vcpu_error").text_content().strip())
+
+    def test_the_name_is_escaped(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id="custom", name='<b>x</b>"')
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id("custom_name").get("value"), '<b>x</b>"')
+        self.assertEqual(page.xpath("//form[@aria-label='Create custom instance form']//b"), [])
+
+    def test_the_error_sits_beside_its_field(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id="custom", name="bad name!")
+        field = page.get_element_by_id("custom_name")
+        self.assertIn("is-invalid", field.get("class").split())
+        self.assertEqual((field.get("aria-invalid"), field.get("aria-describedby")), ("true", "custom_name_error"))
+        self.assertIn("special characters", page.get_element_by_id("custom_name_error").text_content())
+        # and in the summary at the top of its form
+        self.assertIn("Name: The name of the virtual machine", self.summary(page, "Create custom instance form"))
+
+    def test_the_template_form_keeps_its_pool_template_and_storage(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id="template", name="bad name!", template_pool="default-pool",
+                         template="base.img", storage="default-pool")
+        form = page.xpath("//form[@aria-label='Create instance from template form']")[0]
+        self.assertEqual((form.get("data-template-pool"), form.get("data-template"), form.get("data-storage")),
+                         ("default-pool", "base.img", "default-pool"))
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id("template_disk").get("name"), "template_pool")
+
+    def test_an_error_of_a_field_the_form_hides_is_in_its_summary(self):
+        # the custom form's networks are a hidden input behind a picker
+        page = self.page(form_id="custom", networks="")
+        self.assertIn("Networks: This field is required.", self.summary(page, "Create custom instance form"))
+
+    def test_each_form_sends_its_own_form_id(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id="custom", name="bad name!")
+        for label, form_id in (("Create custom instance form", "custom"), ("Create instance from template form", "template")):
+            with self.subTest(form=form_id):
+                form = page.xpath(f"//form[@aria-label='{label}']")[0]
+                self.assertEqual(form.xpath(".//input[@name='form_id']/@value"), [form_id])
+
+    def test_a_firmware_error_without_a_firmware_choice_is_in_the_summary(self):
+        # an architecture with no firmware label renders no firmware select
+        with patch("vrtManager.connection.wvmConnect.label_for_firmware_path", return_value=None):
+            fields = valid(form_id="custom")
+            del fields["firmware"]
+            _, response = render_create_page(self, fields)
+        page = html.fromstring(response.content)
+        self.assertEqual(page.xpath("//select[@name='firmware']"), [])
+        self.assertIn("Firmware: This field is required.", self.summary(page, "Create custom instance form"))
+
+
+class FlavorFormTests(TestCase):
+    """Each flavor's modal form renders its own form; the refused one comes back."""
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.first = Flavor.objects.create(label="wvc-test-1", memory=512, vcpu=1, disk=10)
+        self.second = Flavor.objects.create(label="wvc-test-2", memory=1024, vcpu=2, disk=20)
+
+    def page(self, **fields):
+        _, response = render_create_page(self, valid(**fields))
+        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
+        return html.fromstring(response.content)
+
+    def test_only_the_refused_flavor_comes_back(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id=f"flavor{self.second.id}", name="bad name!", vcpu="2", memory="1024", hdd_size="20")
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id(f"flavor{self.second.id}_name").get("value"), "bad name!")
+        self.assertEqual(page.get_element_by_id(f"flavor{self.first.id}_name").get("value"), "")
+        self.assertTrue(page.get_element_by_id(f"flavor{self.first.id}_mac").get("value"))
+
+    def test_a_flavor_field_points_at_its_error(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id=f"flavor{self.second.id}", name="bad name!", vcpu="2", memory="1024", hdd_size="20")
+        field = page.get_element_by_id(f"flavor{self.second.id}_name")
+        error = page.get_element_by_id(field.get("aria-describedby"))
+        self.assertIn("special characters", error.text_content())
+
+    def test_a_reopened_flavor_holds_the_message(self):
+        with patch("instances.views.jobs.submit",
+                   side_effect=util.OperationError("A virtual machine with this name already exists")):
+            page = self.page(form_id=f"flavor{self.second.id}", vcpu="2", memory="1024", hdd_size="20",
+                             storage="default-pool", mac="52:54:00:00:00:01")
+        messages = page.xpath(f"//*[@id='addVMflavor{self.second.id}']//*[contains(@class, 'modal-messages')]")
+        self.assertIn("A virtual machine with this name already exists", messages[0].text_content())
+
+    def test_the_flavor_form_sends_one_cache_mode(self):
+        page = self.page(form_id="custom", name="bad name!")
+        form = page.get_element_by_id(f"addVMflavor{self.first.id}").xpath(".//form")[0]
+        self.assertEqual(len(form.xpath(".//*[@name='cache_mode']")), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(form.xpath(".//input[@name='form_id']/@value"), [f"flavor{self.first.id}"])
diff --git a/instances/tests/test_create_page_js.py b/instances/tests/test_create_page_js.py
index 5d9c9b4a..714ace11 100644
--- a/instances/tests/test_create_page_js.py
+++ b/instances/tests/test_create_page_js.py
@@ -6,27 +6,17 @@ import re
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import unittest
-from unittest.mock import patch
 
-import libvirt
-from computes.models import Compute
-from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
 from django.test import TestCase
 from django.urls import reverse
 from instances.forms import NewVMForm
+from instances.tests.create_page import render_create_page
 from lxml import html
 
 
 class CreatePageScriptTests(TestCase):
     def page(self):
-        conn = libvirt.open("test:///default")
-        self.addCleanup(conn.close)
-        compute = Compute.objects.create(name="testdrv", hostname="localhost", login="", password="", type=4)
-        self.client.force_login(get_user_model().objects.create_superuser("js", "js@example.com", "pw"))
-        with patch("vrtManager.connection.connection_manager.get_connection", return_value=conn), \
-             patch("vrtManager.connection.wvmConnect.get_machine_types", return_value=["pc"]), \
-             patch("vrtManager.connection.wvmConnect.get_nwfilters", return_value=[]):
-            response = self.client.get(reverse("instances:create_instance", args=[compute.id, "i686", "pc"]))
+        compute, response = render_create_page(self)
         self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
         return compute, response.content.decode()
 
@@ -58,3 +48,42 @@ class CreatePageScriptTests(TestCase):
     def test_a_mac_per_nic_fits_the_form(self):
         macs = ",".join(f"52:54:00:00:00:{n:02x}" for n in range(8))
         self.assertEqual(NewVMForm.base_fields["mac"].clean(macs), macs)
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(shutil.which("node"), "node is not installed")
+    def test_the_page_reopens_the_submitted_form(self):
+        _, page = self.page()
+        functions = re.search(r"function reopen_submitted_form\(.*?\n    \$\(reopen_submitted_form\);", page, re.S).group(0)
+        harness = """
+const shown = [];
+// the forms' holders: two tab panes and a flavor's dialog, each with an
+// "Advanced" section that holds a refused field; a dialog's "shown"
+// listeners run when it is shown, as in Bootstrap
+const holder = (id, kind) => ({id, listeners: [], classList: {contains: c => c === kind},
+  querySelectorAll: () => [{name: "#" + id + " .collapse", querySelector: () => ({})}],
+  addEventListener(event, f) { this.listeners.push(f); }});
+const holders = {custom: holder("addCustom", "tab-pane"), template: holder("add-from-temp", "tab-pane"),
+                 flavor7: holder("addVMflavor7", "modal")};
+const document = {body: {dataset: {submittedForm: %s}}, querySelector: sel => {
+  const id = (sel.match(/data-form-id="([^"]*)"/) || [])[1];
+  if (id !== undefined) return holders[id] || null;
+  return sel.startsWith("form[") ? null : {name: sel};  // no refused template form here
+}};
+const bootstrap = {Tab: {getOrCreateInstance: e => ({show: () => shown.push("tab " + e.name)})},
+  Modal: {getOrCreateInstance: e => ({show: () => { shown.push("modal #" + e.id); e.listeners.forEach(f => f()); }})},
+  Collapse: {getOrCreateInstance: e => ({show: () => shown.push("collapse " + e.name)})}};
+const $ = Object.assign(() => ({val() {}}), {when: () => ({then: f => f()})});
+const focusFirstError = () => shown.push("focus");
+%s
+reopen_submitted_form(); console.log(JSON.stringify(shown));
+"""
+        for submitted, expected in (
+            ("custom", ["collapse #addCustom .collapse", 'tab [data-bs-target="#addCustom"]', "focus"]),
+            ("template", ["collapse #add-from-temp .collapse", 'tab [data-bs-target="#add-from-temp"]', "focus"]),
+            ("flavor7", ["collapse #addVMflavor7 .collapse", "modal #addVMflavor7", "focus"]),
+            ("", ["focus"]),
+        ):
+            with self.subTest(submitted=submitted):
+                result = subprocess.run(["node", "-e", harness % (json.dumps(submitted), functions.replace("$(reopen_submitted_form);", ""))],
+                                        capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=30)
+                self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
+                self.assertEqual(json.loads(result.stdout), expected)
diff --git a/instances/views.py b/instances/views.py
index 7cba89b6..1dd27b18 100755
--- a/instances/views.py
+++ b/instances/views.py
@@ -2009,6 +2009,21 @@ def create_instance_select_type(request, compute_id):
     return render(request, "create_instance_w1.html", locals())
 
 
+def create_forms(flavors, defaults, mac):
+    """One unbound NewVMForm per create form of the page, keyed by its
+    form_id, each with that form's defaults."""
+    forms = {
+        "custom": NewVMForm(initial={**defaults, "vcpu": 1, "memory": 512}),
+        "template": NewVMForm(initial={**defaults, "vcpu": 1, "memory": 512, "mac": mac}),
+    }
+    for flavor in flavors:
+        forms[f"flavor{flavor.id}"] = NewVMForm(initial={
+            **defaults, "vcpu": flavor.vcpu, "memory": flavor.memory, "hdd_size": flavor.disk,
+            "mac": mac,
+        })
+    return forms
+
+
 @superuser_only
 def create_instance(request, compute_id, arch, machine):
     """
@@ -2028,6 +2043,8 @@ def create_instance(request, compute_id, arch, machine):
     compute = get_object_or_404(Compute, pk=compute_id)
     flavors = Flavor.objects.filter().order_by("id")
     appsettings = AppSettings.objects.all()
+    vm_forms = {}
+    submitted_form = ""
 
     try:
         conn = wvmCreate(
@@ -2083,6 +2100,13 @@ def create_instance(request, compute_id, arch, machine):
 
         flavor_form = FlavorForm()
 
+        vm_forms = create_forms(flavors, mac=mac_auto, defaults={
+            "firmware": default_firmware, "vcpu_mode": default_cpu_mode, "cache_mode": default_cache,
+            "net_model": default_nic_type, "listener_addr": "0.0.0.0", "add_cdrom": default_cdrom,
+            "add_input": default_input_device_bus, "video": default_video, "qemu_ga": True,
+            "virtio": bool(virtio_support),
+        })
+
         if conn:
             if not storages:
                 raise util.OperationError(_("You haven't defined any storage pools"))
@@ -2092,6 +2116,16 @@ def create_instance(request, compute_id, arch, machine):
             if request.method == "POST":
                 if "create" in request.POST:
                     form = NewVMForm(request.POST)
+                    # the submitted form comes back bound if the page shows it again;
+                    # a stale form_id (a flavor deleted since) has no form for its errors
+                    form_id = request.POST.get("form_id", "")
+                    if form_id in vm_forms:
+                        vm_forms[form_id] = form
+                        submitted_form = form_id
+                    else:
+                        for name, errors in form.errors.items():
+                            for error in errors:
+                                messages.error(request, f"{form[name].label}: {error}" if name in form.fields else error)
                     if form.is_valid():
                         data = form.cleaned_data
                         if data["hdd_size"] and not data["mac"]:
@@ -2121,6 +2155,9 @@ def create_instance(request, compute_id, arch, machine):
     except libvirtError as lib_err:
         messages.error(request, lib_err)
 
+    custom_form, template_form = vm_forms.get("custom"), vm_forms.get("template")
+    flavor_forms = [(flavor, f"flavor{flavor.id}", vm_forms[f"flavor{flavor.id}"])
+                    for flavor in flavors if f"flavor{flavor.id}" in vm_forms]
     return render(request, "create_instance_w2.html", locals())
 
 
diff --git a/templates/base.html b/templates/base.html
index d96bf019..0c6e4e61 100644
--- a/templates/base.html
+++ b/templates/base.html
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     <link rel="shortcut icon" href="{%  static 'favicon.ico' %}">
   </head>
 
-  <body>
+  <body{% block body_attrs %}{% endblock %}>
 
     {% if request.user.is_authenticated %}
     {% include 'navbar.html' %}
@@ -67,16 +67,26 @@
     <!-- JavaScript Cookie -->
     <script src="{% static 'js/js.cookie.js' %}"></script>
     <script>
-      // after a refused submission, start at the error: the first visible
-      // invalid field, else the error message
-      (function () {
-        const field = [...document.querySelectorAll(".is-invalid")].find(e => e.offsetParent !== null);
-        const target = field || document.querySelector("#messages .alert-danger");
-        if (target) {
-          if (!field) target.tabIndex = -1;
-          target.focus();
+      // After a refused submission, start at the error. The places an error
+      // can be, most specific first: a refused field, its form's summary, an
+      // open dialog's copy of the messages (the page's are behind it), the
+      // page's messages. A page that sets itself up first has
+      // data-error-focus="manual" and calls this when it is ready.
+      const ERROR_PLACES = [".is-invalid", ".form-errors", ".modal.show .modal-messages .alert-danger",
+                            "#messages .alert-danger"];
+
+      function focusFirstError() {
+        for (const selector of ERROR_PLACES) {
+          const target = [...document.querySelectorAll(selector)].find(e => e.offsetParent !== null);
+          if (target) {
+            if (!target.matches("input, select, textarea")) target.tabIndex = -1;
+            target.focus();
+            return;
+          }
         }
-      })();
+      }
+      window.focusFirstError = focusFirstError;
+      if (document.body.dataset.errorFocus !== "manual") focusFirstError();
     </script>
     {% block script %}{% endblock %}
   </body>
diff --git a/webvirtcloud/tests/test_error_focus.py b/webvirtcloud/tests/test_error_focus.py
index f58d8bd6..27e847ce 100644
--- a/webvirtcloud/tests/test_error_focus.py
+++ b/webvirtcloud/tests/test_error_focus.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from django.conf import settings
 
 SCRIPT = re.search(
-    r"<script>\s*(// after a refused submission.*?)</script>",
+    r"<script>\s*(// After a refused submission.*?)</script>",
     Path(settings.BASE_DIR, "templates/base.html").read_text(),
     re.S,
 ).group(1)
@@ -20,30 +20,45 @@ SCRIPT = re.search(
 HARNESS = """
 const els = %s;
 let focused = null;
-for (const e of els) e.focus = () => { focused = e; };
+for (const e of els) { e.focus = () => { focused = e; }; e.matches = () => Boolean(e.field); }
 const document = {
+  body: {dataset: %s},
   querySelectorAll: sel => els.filter(e => e.sel === sel),
-  querySelector: sel => els.find(e => e.sel === sel) || null,
 };
+const window = globalThis;
 %s
+if (%s) window.focusFirstError();
 console.log(JSON.stringify({focused: focused && focused.name, tabIndex: focused && focused.tabIndex !== undefined ? focused.tabIndex : null}));
 """
 
 
 class ErrorFocusTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    @unittest.skipUnless(shutil.which("node"), "node is not installed")
+    def focused(self, els, dataset=None, call=False):
+        script = HARNESS % (json.dumps(els), json.dumps(dataset or {}), SCRIPT, "true" if call else "false")
+        result = subprocess.run(["node", "-e", script], capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=30)
+        self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
+        return json.loads(result.stdout)
+
     @unittest.skipUnless(shutil.which("node"), "node is not installed")
     def test_focus_goes_to_the_error(self):
-        invalid = {"sel": ".is-invalid", "offsetParent": {}, "name": "field"}
-        hidden = {"sel": ".is-invalid", "offsetParent": None, "name": "hidden"}
+        invalid = {"sel": ".is-invalid", "offsetParent": {}, "name": "field", "field": True}
+        hidden = {"sel": ".is-invalid", "offsetParent": None, "name": "hidden", "field": True}
+        summary = {"sel": ".form-errors", "offsetParent": {}, "name": "summary"}
         alert = {"sel": "#messages .alert-danger", "offsetParent": {}, "name": "message"}
+        in_modal = {"sel": ".modal.show .modal-messages .alert-danger", "offsetParent": {}, "name": "modal message"}
         for els, expected in (
-            ([hidden, invalid, alert], {"focused": "field", "tabIndex": None}),
+            ([hidden, invalid, summary, alert], {"focused": "field", "tabIndex": None}),
+            ([hidden, summary, in_modal, alert], {"focused": "summary", "tabIndex": -1}),  # a hidden field's error
             ([hidden, alert], {"focused": "message", "tabIndex": -1}),
+            ([hidden, in_modal, alert], {"focused": "modal message", "tabIndex": -1}),  # the page's copy is behind the dialog
             ([], {"focused": None, "tabIndex": None}),
         ):
             with self.subTest(expected=expected["focused"]):
-                result = subprocess.run(
-                    ["node", "-e", HARNESS % (json.dumps(els), SCRIPT)], capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=30
-                )
-                self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
-                self.assertEqual(json.loads(result.stdout), expected)
+                self.assertEqual(self.focused(els), expected)
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(shutil.which("node"), "node is not installed")
+    def test_a_page_can_focus_the_error_itself(self):
+        invalid = {"sel": ".is-invalid", "offsetParent": {}, "name": "field", "field": True}
+        self.assertEqual(self.focused([invalid], {"errorFocus": "manual"}), {"focused": None, "tabIndex": None})
+        self.assertEqual(self.focused([invalid], {"errorFocus": "manual"}, call=True), {"focused": "field", "tabIndex": None})